452 Dr. 0. W. Daniels. On Transmission of 



determined we cannot exclude, even for Proteosoma of sparrows, the 

 possibility of any one of the many possible alternative channels of infec- 

 tion. Intervention of the mosquito intermediate host may be only 

 an occasional requirement. 



Still less are we justified in concluding that malaria in man can only 

 be acquired through and directly from the mosquito ; or in devoting our 

 attention exclusively to that channel. 



12. I have made myself familiar with the Proteosoma in sparrows, 

 and the Halteridium in pigeons and crows. 



In one specimen of a " blue jay," also, I found a very abundant 

 Halteridium infection ; the parasites in this instance had some peculiari- 

 ties which I hope to work out if we can procure more of these birds. 

 The bird I had died before I had completed my observation ; I have 

 preserved the organs as well as specimens of the blood in the heart. 



13. In the cardiac blood of this jay there were numerous filariae. 

 They were sheathless, sharp tailed and fairly active, and had locomo- 

 tory movement. They were of two sizes ; in the shorter the tapering 

 of the tail was much more abrupt than in the longer. Neither showed 

 any extension or contraction. 



Adults of one species only, three females and five males, were found 

 'in the subcuticular connective tissue, and in that round the trachea. 



They were much longer and thicker than Filarice clam (Wedl) or 

 than the filaria described by Mazzini in the pigeon. 



The females have the usual double ovary terminating in a vagina 

 which appears tubular near the vulva situated near the caudal end of 

 the body. The mouth is terminal and unarmed; the anus is sub- 

 terminal. 



The male has two spicules of equal length. The thickness of these 

 worms, arid the fact that when placed in weak formalin (2 per cent.) 

 the cuticle burst in its entire length, will make them suitable for deter- 

 mining some of the disputed points in the anatomy of the Filaridse.* 



14. The difficulties in connection with human malaria are increased 

 by the present plague scare. The suspicion of the natives about 

 inoculation, makes them averse to any intercourse with European 

 medical men. 



By rewards however we have been able to get two fair cases of 

 tertian fever, and three cases with crescent plasmodia two of them 

 with crescents in considerable numbers. On these cases we have fed 

 mosquitoes the common gre} r , and two varieties of " dapple wings " 



* Judging from the description of the embryos, it is probable that these blood- 

 worms of the Indian blue jay .are identical with those found by Maiison in Anioy, 

 China, in the magpie {Pica media) and the gray mina (Gracupica nigricollis), in 

 which case the mature form of one will be found to lie in the pockets of the aortic 

 and pulmonary semi-lunar valves (vide ' Journ. of the Queckett Micro. Club,'" 

 vol. 6, p. 130, No. 44, August, 1880). 



