Sohtr Changes of Tempera/fare nml Variations in Rainfall. 419 



localities ; this we found to be the case. But, nevertheless, the table 

 helped us greatly, because it included the summation of results nine 

 years later than those included in Blanford's masterly memoir. 

 Predominant pulses were found in 1889 arid 1893, following those 

 of 1877-8 and 1882-3. So that it enabled us to follow the working 

 of the same law through another sun-spot cycle, the law, that is, of 

 the mean solar temperature being followed by a pulse of rainfall. 



Mean sun. Bain pulse. 



1876 -1878 



1881 +1882 



1886-7 - 1889 



1892 +1893 



The main . feature of this table is the proof of a tremendous excess 

 of rainfall in 1893 by far the greatest excess of all (percentage 

 variation, + 22). This was far greater than the excess in 1882. 



The next remarkable excess occurs in 1878 (percentage variation, 

 + 15). 



The pulses in the period stand as follows : 



The variations in the intensities of the pulses of rain at the successive 

 maxima and minima are very remarkable, and suggest the working of 

 a higher law, of which we have other evidence. But, putting this aside 

 for the present, it should be pointed out that even normally we should 

 not expect the same values for the rainfalls in 1882 and 1893, because 

 the amount of spotted area was so different, 1 1 60-millionths of the 

 solar surface being covered with spots in 1883, and 1430 in 1893. 



The very considerable variation in the quantity of snowfall on the 

 Himalayas has often been pointed out by the Indian meteorologists. 

 We have, therefore, used the "whole India" curve between 1875 and 

 1896, to see whether the sun pulses, which we have found to be bound 

 up with the Indian rainfall, are in any way related to the snowfall as 

 might be expected. 



The Himalayan snowfall beyond all question follows . the same law 

 as the rain, the value occurring at the + and - pulses, as under, being 

 among the highest : * 



* ' I.M.M.,' vol. 3, p. 235. 



2 H 2 



