On the, Sub-Mechanics of the Universe. 429 



The inversion is thus complete ; matter is the absence of mass, 

 and the effort to bring the negative inequalities together is also an 

 effort on the mass to recede. And since the actions are those of 

 positive pressure there is no attraction involved ; the efforts being the 

 result of the virtual diminution of the pressure inwards. 



3. If instead of the negative inequalities as in the last article the 

 inequalities are positive the efforts are reversed, tending to separate 

 the inequalities, and the analysis would be the same, except that the 

 curvature would be negative. And it is important to notice that if such 

 positive inequalities exist the fact that they repel each other, i.e., that 

 they would tend to scatter through space, together with the evidence 

 that the number of inequalities, either positive or negative, occupy an 

 indefinitely small space as compared with the total volume of the 

 medium, places any importance such positive inequalities might have 

 on a footing of indefinitely less importance than that of the negative 

 inequalities which are caused to accumulate by gravitation ; and thus 

 we have an explanation of any lack of evidence of any positive 

 inequalities even if such exist. 



4. Besides the positive and negative inequalities, there is another 

 inequality which may easily be conceived and that is of fundamental 

 importance. Whatever may be the cause it is possible to conceive that 

 a number of grains may be removed from one position in the medium 

 to another, the medium being otherwise uniform ; thus instituting a 

 complex inequality as between two inequalities, one positive and the 

 other negative ; the number of grains in excess in the one being exactly 

 the same as the number of grains absent in the other. 



The complex inequalities differ fundamentally from the gravitating 

 inequalities, inasmuch as the former involve an absolute displacement 

 of mass, while the latter have no effect on the mean position of the 

 mass in the medium, and in respect of involving absolute displacement 

 of mass the complex inequality corresponds with electricity. 



Apart from the displacement of mass, the complex inequalities differ 

 from the gravitating inequalities. In the complex inequalities the 

 parameter of the dilatation is not the diameter of a grain, but one- 

 half the linear dimension of the volume occupied by the grains dis- 

 placed, taken as spherical. 



The effort to revert in the case of the complex inequality is the 

 product of the pressure multiplied by the product of the volume of 

 the positive and negative inequalities, and again by the parameter, r . 

 This is expressed when the positive and negative inequalities are at 

 finite distances apart by 



R being essentially negative, and the dimensions of the effort ( - R) 

 are mlt" 2 , which express an effort to the displacement of mass. 

 VOL. LXIK. 2 H 



