ACONTIAN-E. 455 
Subfamily ACONTIAN Z. 
Proboscis almost always fully developed, rarely aborted and non- 
functional ; palpi usually long and upturned, the 3rd joint sometimes 
very long and dilated at extremity, sometimes oblique or porrect and 
fringed with hair above, in Topadesa downcurved and rostriform ; 
frons almost always smooth, in Leucophanera with a pointed 
prominence ; eyes large, round, naked and without cilia from their 
margins; antenne usually ciliated, often somewhat laminate and 
almost simple, rarely pectinated ; head and thorax usually clothed 
almost entirely with scales, sometimes clothed with hair only, 
usually without crests or with small crests on pro- and metathorax, 
sometimes with ridge-like dorsal crest; tibize without spines or 
claws, in Carea and Careades the males ‘of most of the species have 
the hind tibize very short with the spurs more or less aborted, the 
Ist joint of tarsus very long, dilated and fringed with hair ; abdomen 
usually with one or two crests at base, rarely with a dorsal series 
of crests or without crests. Fore wing usually broad and triangular, 
the termen curved or straight, often with the termen angled or 
excurved at middle and excised below apex or towards tornus, 
the inner margin sometimes with scale-teeth at middle or tornus ; 
vein 1 weak and not anastomosing with 16; 1c absent; 2 from 
middle of cell; 3 and 5 from near lower angle, or 3 from well 
before angle; 6 from or from below upper angle, rarely from the 
areole ; 9 usually from 10 anastomosing with 8 to form the areole 
which is often long and narrow, or both 9 and 10 anastomosing 
with 7, 8 to form a minute areole, or the areole obsolete and veins 
7,8, 9 or 7, 8, 9, 10 stalked, or 8, 9, 10 stalked and vein 7 from 
the cell; vein 11 from the cell. Hind wing with the termen 
usually evenly curved, sometimes excurved at middle and excised 
towards tornus; veins 1 @ and 106 present, 1 ¢ absent; 3, 4 from 
angle of cell or stalked; 5 fully developed, usually from or from 
just above angle of cell, rarely stalked with 3, 4 or Sige near middle 
of discocellulars, vel2s 3, 4 sometimes coincident ; 7 from upper 
angle of cell or shortly stalked ; 8 usually eee with the 
cell near base only, but often to ‘middle. 
The fore wing of male has a strong bar-shaped retinaculum, but 
in Eurias, T'yana, Hylophila bicolorana, Ariolica triangulifera, 
Cerala, Topadesa and Gabala this has become aborted and is re- 
placed by a tuft of hair from below median nervure ; the wing is 
smoothly scaled except in Cerala, which has slight tufts of raised 
scales at middle and end of cell. 
The Larve have all the prolegs present and are sparsely clothed 
with hair and form a boat-shaped cocoon of silk with an angular 
projection in front on dorsum spun on a twig, except in Acontia, 
Leocyma, and probably Armactica, in which the larve are semilooping 
