36 ORCHIDACEAE. 



Order ORCHIDALES. 



Terrestrial, aquatic, or epiphytic herbs. Leaves usually fleshy, some- 

 times scale-like. Flowers mostly perfect and complete, very irregular, 

 except in Burmanniaceae. Calyx of 3 sepals. Corolla of 3 petals. 

 Gynoecium compound. Ovary inferior. Seeds numerous. Endosperm 

 wantins', 



o* 



Family 1. ORCHIDACEAE. Orchid Family. 



Perennial mostly succulent herbs. Leaves basal or cauline, often 

 sheathing at the base. Flowers very ii-regular. Sepals 3, 1 median, 2 

 lateral. Petals 3, 1 median often gTeatly specialized ("lip"), 2 lateral 

 (petals). Androecium of 1 or more stamens adnate to the style, the 2-8 

 pollinia waxy or powdeiy. Gynoecium of 3 united carpels, the ovary 

 twisted. Fruit capsular. 



Lip with a long slender spur : pollinia developing tails at the base of the anther 

 which are connected with the glands of the rostellum : tilament very short and 

 broad : anther persistent. 

 Lip 3-parted : petals 2-parted : stigmas erect. 1. IIabenakia. 



Lip obscurely lobed at the base : petals lobed on one side at 



the base : stigmas drooping. 2. IIabexella. 



Lip spurless, sometimes saccate : pollinia without tails (or they 

 are rarely developed) : filament mostly thin and brittle, the 

 anther therefore usually deciduous. 

 Flowering stem terminal. 



Leaves convolute in the bud : pollinia in several distinct 

 masses : lip with an extended sac between the lateral 

 sepals : column short. 3. Physurus. 



Leaves duplicate in the bud. 



Lip 3-lobed, shallowly or deeply so, longitudinally 

 crested or appendaged : sepals and petals rela- 

 tively short, not attenuate. 

 Column adnate at the base : lip deeply 3-lobed, with 

 a dilated middle lobe and long and narrow lateral 

 lobes : pseudobulbs terete : flowering stem not 

 subtended by a foliaceous spathe. 4. Excyclia. 



Column adnate to about the middle : lip obscurely 

 3-lobed, with a minute middle lobe and broad and 

 short lateral lobes : pseudobulbs flattened : flower- 

 ing stem sul)tended by a foliaceous spathe. 5. Epicladium. 

 Lip entire, clamshell-liice, neither crested nor append- 

 aged : sepals and petals elongate, attenuate. G. Axacheilium. 

 Flowering stem lateral : lip surrounding the column or adnate 

 to it, without a sac : pollinia 4 or 8, with caudicaulae but 

 without stipes. 7. Bletia. 



1. HABENARIA Willd. Caulescent herbs. Spike erect. Perianth white 

 or colored. Sepals distinct or nearly so, the lateral ones spreading, slightly 

 inequilateral. Petals unequally 2-parted. Lip 3-parted, spurred. Anther- 

 sacs elevated, each with an appendage at the base. Stigma with narrow ap- 

 pendages, the glands naked. 



1. H. quinqueseta (Michx.) C. Mohr. Stems 2-5 dm. tall: leaf-blades oblong 

 to oblong-lanceolate, 4-10 cm. long: lateral sepals oblong-ovate 8.5-10 mm. 

 long: narrow lobe of each petal somewhat longer than the narrowly oblong or 

 linear-obloug broader one: middle lobe of the lip linear-spatulate. — Pinelands, 

 L. keys.— [E. K.] 



2. HABENELLA Small. Caulescent herbs. Spike erect. Perianth yel- 

 lowish, becoming green. Sepals distinct, the lateral ones spreading, very 

 inequilateral. Petals much smaller than the sepals, sinuately lobed at the 

 apex and with a small basal lobe. Lip entire, with 2 small basal lobes. 



