WOOTON AND STANDLEY FLORA OF NEW MEXICO. 169 



7. Quercus emoryi Torr. in Emory, Mil. Reconn. 152. 1848. Black oak. 

 Quercus hastata Liebm. Overs. Dansk. Vid. Selsk. Forh. 1854: 171. 1854. 



Type locality: "Common on the elevated coiintry between the Del Norte and the 

 Gila," New Mexico. The type specimen is from Pigeon Creek (Las Palomas), and 

 was collected by Emory. 



Range: Mountains of southwestern New Mexico, southeastern Arizona, extreme 

 western Texas, and adjacent Mexico. 



New Mexico: Kingston; Bear Mountains; Animas Mountains; San Luis Mountains; 

 Fort Bayard. Upper Sonoran Zone, occasionally extending down into the Lower 

 Sonoran. 



This is the common black oak of the southwestern part of the State and is easily 

 recognizable. It deserves its name, since the bark is black and thick. The leaves 

 are pale yellowish green, of about the same color on both surfaces, more or less yellow- 

 ish brown pubescent on the main nerves, oblong, flat, not crispate, coarsely sinuate- 

 dentate with spinulose teeth. The acorns are small and acute, with a shallow cup 

 having pale yellowish brown scales not thickened on the back. They are produced 

 early in the season and are much appreciated by the animals of the region. The 

 species shows a tendency to hybridize. 



Quercus emoryi X pungens. 



A specimen from the Rio Frisco, near Alma, collected in 1906 by Vernon Bailey 

 (no. 1058), has the acorn cup of Q. pungens, the acorn elongated and acute as in Q. 

 emoryi, while the leaves are intermediate between those of the two species. 



8. Quercus wllcoxii Rydb. Bull. N. Y. Bot. Gard. 2: 227. 1901. 

 Type locality: Fort Huachuca, Arizona. 



Range: Mountains of southern Arizona, southwestern New Mexico, and adjacent 

 Mexico. 



New Mexico: San Luis Mountains; Animas Peak; Bear Mountain; Bullards Peak. 

 Upper Sonoran Zone. 



Mature plants of this species are medium-sized trees, though the young plants often 

 are low and shrubby and form a moderately thick growth on the mountain sides. It 

 is probable that some of the material here referred to Q. pungens is from young plants 

 of Q. Wllcoxii. The latter species reaches only the extreme southwestern border of 

 the State. Mature leaves on fruiting trees are mostly elliptic and abruptly acute, 

 very coriaceous, and with involute margins. Leaves on sterile shoots are crisped and 

 have several coarse, triangular, strongly spiny teeth. All the leaves are distinctly 

 yellow to tawny beneath when young, but the pubescence disappears, leaving them 

 whitish or pale. The leaves are a yellowish or grayish green when growing. 



The species includes the material from southeastern Arizona and the adjacent 

 country which has passed as Q. chrysolepis. It is readily recognized by the acorns, 

 the Californian species having an acorn easily three times as large as that of Q. wilcoxii, 

 with a very much thickened cup. 



9. Quercus confusa Woot. & Standi. Contr. U. S. Nat. Herb. 16: 116. 1913. 

 Type locality: On Ruidoso Creek, 5 miles east of Ruidoso Post Office, New Mexico. 



Type collected by Wooton, August 5, 1901. 



Range: White Mountains of New Mexico, in the Upper Sonoran Zone. 



A moderately large tree, 5 to 7 meters high, with oblong, sinuate-dentate leaves 

 almost velvety beneath with yellowish stellate hairs; acorns 20 to 23 mm. long, barrel- 

 shaped, obtuse, about 3 times as long as the cup. 



This species is most nearly related to Q. fendleri, from which it differs in being a 

 tree, having still larger leaves (persistent?) of the same general type, and in having a 

 larger acorn. It occurs at a lower level than is common for Q. fendleri, being at home 

 in the Upi)er Sonoran instead of the Transition Zone, although the latter sometimes 

 comes into the Upper Sonoran. 



