WOOTON" AND STANDLEY FLORA OF NEW MEXICO. 453 



The plants of this species are used considerably in southern New Mexico and about 

 El Paso, Texas, as a decorative plant in dooryards, especially where water is scanty, 

 and they lend themselves readily to such treatment. They bloom rather late in 

 summer, the blossoms being followed by the scaly yellow fruit which often persists 

 for several years. 



The pulpy interior tissue of these plants is used by Mexican candy makers, who 

 cut it into iri'egular pieces and candy it by boiling in a saturated sugar solution, mak- 

 ing what they call "cubiertas," or "duke de viznaga," a most palatable sweetmeat. 



4. Echinocactus papyracanthus Engelm. Trans. Acad. St. Louis 2: 202. 1863. 



Mamillaria 2Mpyracantha Engelm. Mem. Amer. Acad. n. ser. 4: 49. 1849. 



Type locality: In a valley between the lower hills, near Santa Fe, New Mexico. 



Range: Known only from the type locality. 



The type was collected by Fendler in 1847 (no. 279). Coulter also reports a speci- 

 men collected near Santa Fe in 1882 by Bandolier. 



6. Echinocactus intertextus Engelm. Proc. Amer. Acad. 3: 277. 1856. 



Type locality: "From El Paso to the Limpio," Texas. 



Range: Southern New Mexico, trans- Pecos Texas, and adjacent Mexico. 



New Mexico: Mesa west of Organ Mountains; Socorro; Organ Mountains; Rincon; 

 Cooks Peak. Dry hills, in the Ui^i^er Sonoran Zone. 



This species is a small plant, short-cylindric or globose, 10 cm. high or less and 

 usually about 5 to 7 cm. in diameter, suggesting some of the species of Mamillaria more 

 than Echinocactus. Its spines are white, reddish above, short, about 1 cm. long, 

 numerous, and very closely set, densely covering the plant. The flowers are small, 

 15 to 20 mm. long, with numerous pale pink, acute petals, followed by a small dry 

 fruit. 



The subspecies dasyacantlia Engelm.' has longer and more erect upper spines. It 

 seems to be merely a growth form. We have seen a specimen of this collected at 

 Rincon by Evans in 1891. 



6. Echinocactus horizonthalonius Lem. Cact. Hort. Mouv. 19. 1839. 

 Echinocactus horizonthalonius centrispinus Engelm. Proc. Amer. Acad. 3: 276. 1856. 

 Type locality: Not stated. 



Range: Southern New Mexico, trans-Pecos Texas, and Mexico. 



New Mexico: Tortugas Mountain; Guadalupe Mountains; Bishops Cap; Guadalupe 

 Canyon. Limestone soil, in the Lower Sonoran Zone. 



This plant is about spherical, 20 cm. or less in diameter, with 8 to 10 rounded ribs, 

 suggesting a can te loupe in general form. The spines are few, 6 to 9 in each areole, 

 stout, compressed, horny, reddish or ashy, recurved, forming a coarse network which 

 sometimes persists and maintains the form of the plant even after the soft parts have 

 decayed; the single central is not hooked. 



The large, bright pink flowers, imbedded in dense white wool at the base, open in 

 bright sunshine and persist for two or three days, partly closing at night and opening 

 again in the sunlight, like those of many other cacti. They generally darken as they 

 age. The plant is hard to transplant, unless the soil in which it is placed contains 

 considerable lime. The plants usually occur in crevices in limestone rocks. 



7. Ecliinocactus texensis Hopf. Allg. Gartenz. 10: 297. 1842. 



Devil's Pincushion. 

 Type locality: Western Texas. 



Range: Southeastern New Mexico and western Texas and northeastern Mexico. 



New Mexico: Knowles (Wooton). Lower and Upper Sonoran zones. 



Depressed-hemispheric plants, about 30 cm. in diameter and less than half as high, 



frequently only a little above the level of the ground, rather dark green, and with 20 



^Loc. cit. 



