JUNCACEAE. 89 



ently lateral, the elongated bract appearing like a continuation of the stem; 

 panicle simple or compound, 1-10 cm. long; perianth segments lanceolate, 

 acute, or obtusish, about 4 mm. long, usually brown; stamens 6; capsule 

 acutely angled and short-beaked; seeds oblong, the surface reticulated. 

 Common in wet places, often in brackish marshes. 



Juncus lescurii Boland. Stems stout, 30-100 cm. high, naked; flowers 

 in a dense panicle; outer perianth segments 5-6 mm. long, lanceolate, acumin- 

 ate, longer than the obtuse inner ones; capsule not beaked. 



In drifting sand along the ocean coast from Alaska to California. 



Juncus subtriflorus (Meyer) Coville. Tufted; stems slender, 10-25 cm. 

 high; inner leaf-blades reduced to bristles; bract as long as or longer than the 

 inflorescence; perianth segments acute or acuminate, brownish, the outer 

 longer, exceeding the brown oblong retuse capsule. 



In the mountains at 1500-2000 m. altitude. 



Juncus parryi Engelm. Densely tufted; stems 20-40 cm. high; inner leaf 

 blades not reduced; bract much exceeding the inflorescence; perianth segments 

 brown, acute, the outer 7 mm. long, slightly exceeding the inner; capsule 

 oblong, acute, exceeding the perianth. 



Growing in similar situations and often with J. subtriflorus. British 

 Columbia to California and Colorado. 



Juncus covillei Piper. Stems low, 10-20 cm. high; leaves flat, pale; 

 panicle small, the heads 3-5-flowered; perianth segments brown with green 

 midvein, shorter than the capsule. 



On sandy lake shores, Vancouver Island to California. 



Juncus falcatus Meyer. Stems usually 10-20 cm. high; leaves flat, 2-3 

 mm. wide; flowers crowded into a single globose head, or rarely 2 or 3; outer 

 perianth segments acuminate, 6 mm. long, exceeding the inner obtuse ones; 

 capsule oblong, retuse. 



Along the coast, Vancouver Island to California. 



Juncus regelii Buch. Perennial, stoloniferous, pale green; stems smooth 

 or minutely scabrous, 12-50 cm. high, erect; leaves flat, 1.5-2 mm. broad; 

 head solitary or sometimes 2 or 3, globose, many-flowered; outer perianth seg- 

 ments lanceolate, acute; inner ovate, obtuse; all rough, brown with pale 

 margins; stamens 6; capsule longer than the perianth; seeds linear, tailed at 

 each end. 



In springy places in the mountains, Washington, Oregon, Idaho and Utah. 



Juncus biifonius L. Annual, branching from the base, 5-30 cm. tall; leaf 

 blades flat or involute, slender; flowers loosely scattered, usually on but one 

 side of the long branches of the panicle; perianth segments pale, scarious- 

 margined, lanceolate, acuminate; stamens 6; capsule narrowly oblong, with a 

 short blunt beak; seeds very finely reticulate. 



Very common everywhere. 



Juncus gerardi Loisel. Loosely tufted, 30-60 cm. high; leaves erect, 

 usually flat; sheaths covering half the stem or more; panicle small, rather 

 close, 2-7 cm. long; perianth greenish-brown, the outer segments linear, the 

 inner oval. 



Salt marshes, Vancouver Island and adjacent mainland, Macotm. Not 

 otherwise known in the Pacific coast but common on the Atlantic coast. 



Juncus dudleyi Wiegand. Densely tufted, stifHy erect, 30-50 cm. high; 

 leaves short, usually less than half as long as the stems; auricles yellowish; 

 panicle rather close, 2-7 cm. long; perianth segments spreading, pale, 4-5 mm. 

 long, slightly exceeding the 1-cclIed ovoid capsule. 



Cape Horn, Columbia River, Suksdorf. Easily distinguished by the cartil- 

 aginous auricles. 



