284 PRIMULACEAE. 



Capsule dehiscing by valves from the apex. 



Filaments united into a yellow tube half as long as the an- 

 thers; flowers purple; leaves entire. D. vulgare. 



Filaments free; flowers white; leaves dentate. D. dentatum. 



Capsule circumscissile; filaments free or nearly so, black. 



Leaves broadly elliptic to obovate. D. latifolium. 



Leaves oblong-lanceolate, crenate. D. jeffreyi. 



Dodecatheon vulgare (Hook.) Piper. {D. pauciflorum (Durand) Greene.) 

 Glabrous throughout, 15-45 cm. high; leaves spatulate-oblanceolate, obtuse, 

 entire or rarely denticulate, 5-10 cm. long, narrowed into a winged petiole as 

 long; umbels 5-20- flowered; bracts of the involucre triangular-lanceolate, acute, 

 6-20 mm. long; pedicels 1-6 cm. long; calyx-lobes broadly lanceolate, acute or 

 acuminate, not much longer than the tube; petals purple, 1 cm. long; stamineal 

 tube yellow, half as long as the purple anthers; capsules ovoid, 6-9 mm. long, 

 splitting into 5 teeth at the apex when mature. 



In dry open ground. 



Dodecatheon dentatum Hook. Glabrous; leavesovate to oval, thin, irregu- 

 larly dentate, 5-10 cm. long, the petiole about as long as the blade; scape 20-30 

 cm. high; calyx-lobes ovate or triangular-ovate, acuminate, about as long as 

 the tube; corolla white with two purple spots at the base of each lobe; capsule 

 cylindric, opening at the tip by teeth. 



On wet banks in the Cascade Mountains and along the gorge of the 

 Columbia River. 



Dodecatheon latifolium (Hook.) Piper. {D. hendersoni Gray.) Leaves 

 broad, elliptic or obovate, narrowed at base, entire; scape 10-30 cm. high; 

 corolla dark-purple with yellow center; stamens dark purple, the tube 1-2 mm. 

 long; capsule opening by a lid, then splitting. 



In open fields and prairies. First found at Fort Vancouver by Douglas. 



Dodecatheon jeffreyi Van Houtte. {D. viviparum Greene.) Leaves 

 oblong-lanceolate, acute or obtuse, 15-25 cm. long, crenate w'ith a minute 

 callus in each notch; scapes 25—50 cm. high; flowers deep purple; stamens 

 distinct to the base, dark purple; capsule opening by a lid. 



Common in wet alpine meadows. 



389. DOUGLASIA. 



Low tufted herbs, often somewhat woody; leaves in a basal 

 rosette; flowers solitary or in small umbels; calyx campanulate, 

 5-lobed, persistent; corolla-lobes spreading, the tube equalling 

 or exceeding the calyx, the throat contracted and 5-crested be- 

 neath the sinuses; stamens distinct, included; style filiform; 

 ovary 5-ovuled; capsule turbinate, 1 or 2-seeded. 



Douglasia laevigata Gray. Nearly glabrous; leaves oblong-lanceolate, 

 mostly entire, obtuse, 4-6 mm. long; flowers blood-red, in small umbels. 



In the mountains. First found on Mount Hood, Oregon, by Howell; 

 very common in the Olympic Mountains; Goat Mountains near Mount 

 Rainier, Allen. 



390. ANDROSACE. 



Small herbs; leaves in a basal rosette; flowers very small, 

 solitary or in umbels; calyx 5-cleft, with a short tube; corolla 

 salver-shaped or funnelform, 5-parted, the lobes erect or spread- 

 ing, the tube shorter than the calyx; capsule 5-valved. 



