MENYANTHACEAE. * 289 



Gentiana calycosa (iriseb. Stems tufted, simple, 10-20 cm. high; leaves 

 several pairs, ovate, the uppermost involucrate about the usually solitary 

 flower; corolla deep blue, bell-shaped, 3-4 cm. long. 



Common along rills in the mountains at about 2000 m. elevation. 



Gentiana sceptrum Griscb. Perennial, erect, 60-90 cm. high, pale green, 

 simple or branched above; leaves oblong-lanceolate to ovate, mostly acute, 

 4-8 cm. long; flowers clustered, sometimes dense; calyx-lobes unequal, lanceo- 

 late or narrowly oblong, sometimes as long as the tube; corolla bell-shaped, 

 blue, usually dark spotted within, 3-5 cm. long. 



In bogs. Very variable as to calyx-lobes; forms with narrow lance-linear 

 leaves have been referred to G. menziesii Griseb. 



Family 80. MENYANTHACEAE. Buckbean Family. 



Perennial aquatic or marsh herbs, with basal or alternate entire 

 crenate or trifoliolate leaves; flowers clustered, regular, perfect; 

 calyx deeply 5-parted, persistent; corolla funnelform to rotate, 

 5-lobed or 5-cleft; stamens 5, epipetalous, alternate with the 

 corolla-lobes; style long, short, or none; ovary 1-celled with two 

 parietal placentae; fruit dehiscent or indehiscent. 



Leaves trifoliolate; corolla lobes fimbriate. 400. Menyanthes, 289. 



Leaves simple, reniform; corolla lobes entire. 401. Nephrophyllidium, 289. 



400. MENYANTHES. Buckbean. 



Perennial herbs with thick creeping rootstocks sheathed by 

 the membranous bases of the petioles; leaves trifoliolate; calyx 

 5-parted; corolla funnelform, 5-cleft; style slender, persistent; 

 stigma 2-lobed; capsule bursting irregularly, many-seeded. 



Menyanthes trifoliata L. Buckbean. Perennial from scaly rootstocks; 

 leaves trifoliolate, the petioles sheathing at base; leaflets oblong to obovate, 

 entire, obtuse; peduncles stout; racemes 10-20-flowered; corolla white or 

 rose-tinged, its lobes bearded above; capsule ovoid. 



In sphagnum bogs and shallow lakes. 



401. NEPHROPHYLLIDIUM. 



Perennial marsh herbs with creeping rootstocks; basal leaves 

 reniform, deeply and coarsely crenate, 7-nerved at the base, long 

 petioled; flowers white, in short panicled cymes on scapes; calyx 

 deeply parted into 5 elongated lanceolate lobes; corolla short 

 funnelform, divided above the middle into 5 ovate obtuse lobes, 

 not bearded but with a median crest; stamens 5, on the corolla, 

 alternate with the lobes; style short or none; stigma large, 

 shield-shaped ; ovary 1-celled with 2 parietal placentae, surrounded 

 at the base by 5 glands; capsule more or less spherical, open- 

 ing irregularly at the tip. 



Nephrophyllidium crista-galli (Menzics) Gilg. Leaves reniform, crenate, 

 20 



