SCROPHULARIACEAE. 317 



Linaria linaria (L.) Karst. Butter and Eggs. Glabrous; stems erect, 

 30-100 cm. high; leaves linear, sessile, pale or glaucous, very numerous, 1-3 

 cm. long; inflorescence a dense raceme; calyx-lobes oblong, acute; corolla 2-3 

 cm. long, yellow with an orange throat; seeds rough, winged. 



Introduced along roadsides and in fields. 



Linaria canadensis (L.) Dumort. Glabrous; flowering stems slender, 30-^60 

 cm. high, the sterile basal branches spreading; leaves oblong-linear, entire, 

 flat, 2-4 mm. wide; racemes slender; flowers blue; calyx-lobes lanceolate; 

 corolla about 10 mm. long, on pedicels of about the same length; spur slender, 

 curved; seeds wingless. 



In sandy soil, not common. 



444. PENTSTEMON. Beard-tongue. 



Perennial herbs; leaves opposite, the upper sessile or partly 

 clasping, the floral reduced to bracts; flowers showy, in a race- 

 mose panicle; calyx 5-parted; corolla tubular, more or less 

 inflated or bell-shaped, either decidedly or slightly 2-lipped, the 

 upper lip 2-lobed, the lower 3-cleft; anther-bearing stamens 4; 

 sterile fifth filament about equalling the others; style long; stigma 

 entire; capsule many-seeded. 



Low half-shrubby plants, with leathery leaves; anthers woolly. 



Leaves lanceolate, glabrous. P. fruticosus. 



Leaves ovate or orbicular. 



Flowers purple; leaves green, glabrous. P. nienziesii. 



Flowers crimson; leaves glaucous, puberulent. P. rupicola. 



Taller herbaceous plants, with membranous leaves; anthers 

 not woolly. 

 Anthers opening only at the apex. 



Corolla blue or bluish, 15-20 mm. long. P.diffusus. 



Corolla crimson, 20-25 mm. long. P. richardsoni. 



Anthers splitting open for nearly their whole length. 



Leaves ovate, serrate; flowers purplish. P. ovatus. 



Leaves oblong, entire; flowers not purplish. 



Flowers yellowish. P. confertus. 



Flowers blue. P. procerus. 



Pentstemon fruticosus (Pursh) Greene. Stems simple, ascending from a 

 branched \/oody base, 15-40 cm. high; leaves coriaceous, glabrous, lanceolate, 

 oblanceolate or ovate, mostly acute, entire or with a few teeth, narrow at base, 

 the lower short-petioled, 1-4 cm. long; inflorescence a raceme, rarely a panicle, 

 2-11-flowered, viscid-pubescent; bracts much reduced; sepals ovate-lanceolate, 

 attenuate-acuminate, 8-12 mm. long; corolla tubular-funnelform, dull- 

 purple, somewhat 2-lipped, 3-4 cm. long; anthers very woolly, dehiscing their 

 whole length, sterile filament bearded. 



Mount St. Helens and southward. A variable species first found by Lewis 

 in the Bitter Root Mountains. P. crassifolius Lindl. is a form with entire 

 leaves, a valueless character as both entire and serrate leaves often occur on 

 the same plant; P. douglasii Hook, is a dwarfed high altitude form with 

 relatively broad and short leaves; P. adamsianus Howell is a form from Mount 

 Adams with larger and thinner leaves. 



Pentstemon fruticosus cardwellii (Howell) Piper. Leaves thick, serrulate, 

 mostly obtuse, otherwise as in P. fruticosus. 



Mount Hood, Howell; Mount St. Helens, Goodwin. 



