70 ss. VIOLACE fE,. VIOLA. _ 
Mountains near the Oregon and California line. 
“* * Subcaulescent by leafy stolons, or caulescent with 2-3 leaved 
stems. Stigma terminal beardless and beakless. 
+ Leaves undivided, at most only cuneate toothed. 
VY. sarmentosa Dougl. in Hook. Fl. i, 80. Sparingly pubescent: stems 
weak and decumbent: multiplying by long filiform rootstocks: leaves 
rounded-cordate, reniform or sometimes oyate, 44-146 inches broad, finely 
crenate, usually punctate with numerous dark dots: peduncles mostly ex- : 
ceeding the leaves: flowers yellow, lateral petals with a bunch of long 
scales at the base of the blade; spur short and saccate. In open.forests, 
Brit. Columbia to California. 
VY. orbiculata Geyer Hook. Lond. Jour. Bot. vi, 73. Rootstock short 
and thick, with few fibrous rootlets: stems at first very short with a pair 
of scarious acutely triangular stipules at the base of the peduncles, at 
length sarmentose with a few small leaves and bearing cleistogamous flow- 
ers: leaves mostly basal, orbicular to oblong, cordate with deep narrow 
sinus, crenulate, 1-2 inches broad, glabrous below, pubescent with short 
stout appressed scattered hairs above, sepals oblong to nearly lanceolate; 
petals yellow, the lower one purple veined, spurs short and saccate: stigma 
beakless, bearded on the sides. In open forests, Cascade Mountains in 
Oregon to Idaho and Alaska. 
VY. purpurea Kell. Proc. Cal. Acad. i, 56. More or less pubescent 
with more or less spreading hairs, stems clustered from branching pe - 
dicular root 2-6 inches long: leaves semi-orbicular to ovate or lanceolate, 
cuneate or truncate at base 6-12 lines long, entire or coarsely crenate, of- 
ten purple-veined : peduncles but. little longer than the leaves: petals 4-6 
lines long, light yellow more or less tinged with dark purple outside: cap- 
sule globular, pubescent. On dry open hillsides, Oregon to California. ~~ 
+ + Leaves 3-parted, with more or. less lobed or cleft. segments. 
VY. Sheltonii Torr. Pacif. R. R. Rep. iv. 67, t. 2. Glabrous or nearly 
so: leaves round-reniform to cordate in outline, 3-parted, the divisions 
lobed and cleft into linear or oblong segments: peduncles shorter than 
the leaves: petals yellow veined with purple. Wooded mountains, south- — 
western Oregon to California. 
* * * Subcaulescent, first flowering from the ground, from erect or . 
ascending rootstocks, not stoloniferous or creeping: stipules partly 
and variably adnate: corolla mostly yellow with short saccate spur: 
stigma beakless, sometimes with a short lip, concave, mostly orbicu- 
lar, antros-terminal or slightly oblique at the large and gibbous cla- 
vate summit of the style; bearded below its margin on each side by a 
tnft Me sometimes by nearly a ring of stiff and reflexed spreading 
bristles. 
+ Leaves undivided, round ovate or subcordate to lanceolate: lat- 
eral petals either slightly bearded or beardless. 
V. _Nuttallii Pursh Fl. i, 174. Glabrous or the leaf margins finely and 
densely ciliate, root thick, perpendicular; stems scarcely any, leaves lan- 
ceolate, nearly entire, attenuate to a long petiole, stipules lanceo- 
late ; spur very short and saccate: pubescence of the depressed beakless 
stigma minute. Plains of the Blue Mountains of Oregon to the Rocky 
Mountains and Kansas, 
VY. premorsa Dougl. Bot. Reg. t. 1254. Canescent with short spread- 
ing hairs, stems short, from thick, perpendicular branching roots: leaves, 
from nearly orbicular to lanceolate, densely pubescent below, sparingly so 
or quite smooth above, irregularly crenate toothed, 6-30 lines long, gradu- 
ally or abruptly contracted to a slender petiole: stipules scarious, lanceo-. . 
late acuminate entire: scapes longer than. the leaves, pubescent: sepals. 
linear 4-5 lines !ong, often minutely ciliate: petals bright yellow, obovate 
