174 ROSACEA. FRAGARIA. 
COMARUM. 
8 FRAGARIA Tourn. L. Gen. n 633. (STRAWBERRY). 
Acaulescent stoloniferous perennials with trifoliolate, coarsely — 
toothed leaves and white flowers in few-flowered cymes upon 
erect scapes in early spring. Calyx concave, persistent, the 
limb 5-lobed with 5 alternate bractlets, valvate im the bud. Petals © 
5, Stamens many, in one row. Carpels numerous, smooth; 
style lateral, very short; ovule solitary, ascending. Receptacle — 
large, fleshy, becoming conical and pulpy, bearing the small 
turgid crustaceous achenes upon its surface, at length separat- 
ing from the conical central portion of the torus. 7 
F. cuneifolia Nutt. T. & G. Fl. i, 448. Usually low; petiolesand 
scapes villous with spreading hairs: leaves 1-6 inches high; leaflets cune- 
ate-oblong, very obtuse and coarsely toothed at the summit, smooth above, 
appressed silky beneath: scapes shorter than the petioles, 1-few-flowered, _ 
decumbent or ascending; bractlets oblanceolate, entire, shorter than the 
lanceolate acuminate calyx-lobes: receptacle sparingly villous, in fruit 
semi-hemispherical to oblong 3-9 lines in diameter: achenes deeply im- 
bedded in the receptacle. Very common in prairies and open places, Alaska 
to California. 
FE. Californica Cham & Schlecht. Linn. ii, 20. Comparatively tall, 2- 
.12 inches high: pubescence of the petioles and scapes usually apercetem 
sometimes spreading and appressed on the same plant: leaflets obovate to 
~ 
oblong, more or less cuneate at base, rourttaytt toothed above the middle, . 
te) 
appressed-silky beneath, sparingly villous above, 6-18 lines long: scapes 
equalling or surpassing the leaves, erect; bractlets linear-oblanceolate, en- 
tire or sparingly toothed, about equalling the triangular acuminate calyx- . 
2 gu 
lobes: receptacle very sparingly if at all hairy; fruit oblong to obovoid, 3-6 
lines in diameter: achenes slightly imbedded _ in the receptacle. Common _ 
throughout the Pacific States, always in wooded districts. 
9 COMARUM L, Gen. n. 638. 
Perennial herbs with pinnate leaves, mostly scarious wholly — 
adnate stipules and purple flowers. Calyx flat, deeply 5-cleft, 
rarely 6-7 cleft, with as many smaller alternate deflexed bract-. 
lets. Petals 5, somewhat persistent. Stamens numerous, in- 
serted into the thickened and hairy slightly lobed disk which 
lines the bottom of the calyx; filaments subulate, persistent. 
Achenes aggregated on the convex, at length very large and | 
fleshy or spongy persistent receptacle: styles filiform, at length — 
_ deciduous, inserted below the apex of the ovary; stigma simple. 
Seed inserted next the insertion of the style, pendulous. Radicle 
superior. . 
C. palustre L. Sp. 502. Stems stout, ascending from a decumbent 
rooting perennial base 44-2 feet long, glabrous below, minutely silky or 
glandular-pubescent above: lower stipules scarious, amplexicaul, long-ad- 
nate to the petiole; the upper broadly ovate, entire: leaves pinnate : leaflets 
5-7, oblong 1-2 inches long, more or less pubescent beneath, dark green 
above, coarsely serrate: flowers dark purple, in an open few-flowered cyme ; 
bractlets linear, acuminate, much shorter than the calyx; calyx-lobes. 
purple within, ovate, acuminate, becoming 6-10 lines long; petals spatu- 
late, acute, 2-3 lines long; stamens 20, with -stout fleshy filaments, in one 
row: carpels very numerous, sessile upon the large’fleshy receptacle. In 
marshes and bogs, Alaska to California and across the continent. 
