- MYRIOPHYLLUM. HALORAGES. 219 
less or with a narrow wing or raised border on the upper margin. Oregon 
to Colorado and the Eastern States. 
C. Bolunderi Hegelm. Verhandl. Bot. Verein Brandenb. x, 116. Stems 
stout, elongated, floating: leaves rhombic-obovate, the submerged ones 
linear: stigmas twice as long as the fruit persistent or sub-persistent : 
fruit orbicular or slightly obcordate, with obtuse closely approximate mar- 
gins, the lobes scarcely winged. Brit. Columbia to California. 
* * Submersed perennials with numerous uniform 1-nerved leaves: 
flowers withoct bracts: carpels separated nearly to the axis. 
C. autumnalis L.1.c. Stems very slender, 2-10 inches long: leaves 
linear truncate or retuse at the apex: fruit sessile, round. deeply notched, 
nearly a line in diameter, the margins thin or at length winged: stigma 
long, reflexed, caducous. Eastern Oregon to California, the Eastern 
States, Europe and Asia. . 
3 MYRIOPHYLLUM L. Gen. n. 10, 66. 
- Aquatic usually submersed perennial plants, the upper part 
emersed while flowering, with verticillate, sometimes opposite or 
alternate leaves, the submersed ones pinnately~ parted with cap- 
illary or filiform segments, and sessile flowers in the axils of the 
upper leaves (which are frequently reduced to bracts) bibracteo- 
late the uppermost usually staminate, the lower fertile the in- 
termediate often perfect. Flowers monececious or frequently 
perfect. Calyx 4-parted in the sterile flowers, 4-toothed 
in the pistillate and perfect ones. Petals 4, frequently incon- 
spicuous or wanting. Stamens 4 or 8. Ovary 4-celled: stigmas 
oblong or linear, often compressed, penicillate, or papillose along 
the inner surface, recurved. Fruit of 4 indehiscent nut-like 
carpels cohering by their inner angles and enclosed in the ad- 
herent tube of the calyx, apiculate with the base of the stigma. 
* stamens 8, petals caducous carpels not ridged on the back: 
leaves verticillate 
M. spicatum L. Sp. 992. Stems very long and slender, branching: 
leaves ternateiy verticillate. submerged all pinnately parted with capillary 
segments, emersed ieaves bract-like, shorter than the flowers, ovate, entire, 
the lowermost larger and serrate: bracteoles triangular-ovate, about half 
the length of the bracts: lobes of the calyx somewhat obtuse: petals 
broadly ovate: anthers oblong: stigma short, pubescent along the inner 
side: carpels smooth and even. Deep ponds, Washington to California 
and the Eastern States. ; ; 
M. verticillatum L. Sp. 992. Stem stout: leaves ternately verticil- 
late, the lower ones pinnately parted with capillary or setaceous seg- 
ments, floral leaves pectinate-pinnatifid, commonly much longer than the 
flowers: bracteoles minute: lobes of the calyx nearly lanceolate, acute, 
minutely serrulate: petals oblong-obovate: anthers oblong, stigmas 
linear-oblong, at length woolly: carpels smooth and even. Uregon, 
' Nuttall (not since reported) and the Eastern States. 
* * Stamens 3: petals somewhat persistent: carpels 1-2 ridged on 
the back. 
M. hippuroides Nutt. T. &G Fl. i, 530. Leaves quaternately verticil- 
late, the lower ones pinnately parted, with capillary segments; floral leaves 
linear, remotely denticulate or serrate; petals obovate, carpels nearly 2- 
ridged on the back. In ponds, Washington to northern California. 
