Ee | 
- gdreuiix. UMBELLIFER A. 263 
the heads; bractlets the same: fruit with lanceolate acuminate-cuspidate 
calyx-lobes longer than the short styles. Wet grounds, Southern Oregon 
to California. 
E. articulatum Hook. Fl. i, 259. Erect, a foot or so high, more’or 
less branching throughout: radical and lower stem leaves reduced to very 
long jointed petioles, with or without small lanceolate blades; upper stem 
leaves sessile: involucre of linear cuspidate-tipped and spiny-toothed 
bracts much longer than the heads; bractlets tricuspidate, the middle one 
much the largest, scarcely longer than the flowers: fruit with lanceolate 
cuspidate-acuminate calyx-lobes hardly longer than the styles. Swamps 
and wet meadows, Brit. Columbia to California. 
E. Harknessii Curran Bull. Cal. Acad. iii, 153. Erect, slender, 2-4 
feet high, dichotomously branched, above: radical and lower leaves con- 
sisting only of the jointed fistulous petiole, often very long: stem leaves 
lanceolate entire, sparingly ciliate-toothed, on jointed petioles of equal 
length, laciniate-fringed near the base; upper reduced to sessile laciniate 
bracts: heads oblong, 6-9 lines in diameter, blue involucre of 8-10 nar- 
' row bracts, exceeding the head, calyx-lobes subulate, equalling the styles. 
In wet places, Washington to California and Idaho. 
21 SANICULA Tourn. L. Gen. n.:326. 
Smooth herbs with almost naked or few-leaved stems palmate 
er pinnate leaves with more or less pinnatifid or incised lobes, 
and greenish yellow or purple flowers in irregularly compound 
few-rayed umbels. Calyx-lobes somewhat foliaceous, persistent. 
Fruit sub-globose, densely covered with hooked prickles or tu-~ 
berculate. Carpel without ribs. Stylopodium depressed.  Oil- 
tubes mostly large, 3 on the back and 2 on the commissure, or 
3-19 irregularly distributed. 
* QOil-tubes irregular in number and in distribution. 
+ Mature fruit pedicelled: leaves palmately. divided. 
S. uarctopoides Hook. & Arn. Bot. Beechey, 141. Stems very short, 
from thickened rootstocks, bearing a tuft of leaves and several divergent 
scape-like branches 2-8 inches long, each bearing an umbel of 1-3 elong- 
ated rays: leaves deeply palmately 3-lobed, the cuneate divisions once or 
twice laciniately cleft or dissected with lanceolate acute spreading seg- 
ments: involucre of 1-2 similar leaf-like bracts; umbellets large 3-6 lines 
in diameter, with conspicuous involucels of 8-12 narrowly oblanceolate 
mostly entire bractlets: flowers yellow: fruit short pedicellate 114 lines 
long naked at base with strong prickles above; seed-face almost plane. On 
plains and hillsides, Sacramento Valley, California, also Vancouver 
Island, Brit. Columbia, to be looked for in our range. 
S. Howellii C.& R. Bot. Gaz. xiii, 81 Stems coarse, a foot or less 
high, often bearing tufts of stout elongated peduncles and leaves; leaves 
broad and palmately 3-5-lobed, the upper inclined to be pinnately lobed, 
the divisions rather sharply cut and toothed, the teeth mucronate-tipped : 
umbel unequally few-rayed, with involucre of few leaf-like bracts and in- 
volucels of very prominent tractlets sometimes much exceeding the large 
globose head of fruit; flowers yellow: fruit short pedicellate, prickly all 
over 144-2 lines long, seed-face concave. Sandy seashore, Columbia river 
to Southern Oregon. 
S. Menziesii Hook. & Arn. 1. c.142. Stem solitary, erect, from a 
long, thickish perpendicular root, 1-5 feet high, branching: leaves round- 
