268 UMBELLIFERA, _ SIUM. 
CARUM. 
cels about a line long, calyx-lobes prominent: fruit (immature) oblong, 
glabrous: oil-tubes several in the intervals. In the Siskiyou mountains at 
high elevations, southwest of Ashland, Oregon. 
380 SIUM L. Gen. n. 348. 
Smooth perennials, growing in water or wet places, with 
pinnate leaves, serrate or pinnatifid leaflets. involucre and in- 
volucels of numerous narrow bracts, and numerous white flowers. 
Calyx-lobes minute. Fruit ovate to oblong, glabrous. Carpels 
with prominent corky nearly equal ribs. Stylopodium de- 
pressed. Style short. Oil-tubes 1-3 in the intervals, 2-6 on the 
commissure. Seed subangular with plane face. 
S. cicutefolium Gmelin. Syst. ii, 482. Stout, 2-6 feet high: leaflets 
3-8 pairs, linear to lanceolate, sharply serrate; mostly acuminate, 2-5 
inches long, submerged leaves when present finely dissected: umbel 
many-rayed; rays 12-18 lines long; pedicels 1-3 lines long: vil-tubes 2-6 
on the commissure. Apparently throughout North America. 
31 ZIZIA Koch Umbel. 129. 
Smooth perennial herbs with mostly simple or ternate leaves, 
no involucre, involucels of small bractlets and yellow flowers: the 
central fruit of each umbellet sessile, calyx-teeth prominent. 
Fruit oblong, glabrous. Stylopodium wanting. Styles long. 
Oil-tubes large and solitary in the broad intervals, 20 on the 
commissure and a small one in each rib. Seed terete, sulcate. 
Z. ecordata Koch l.c. Radical leaves mostly long-peticled, cordate or 
even rounder, crenately toothed, very rarely lobed or divided; stem leaves 
simply ternate or quinate, the leaflets ovate to lanceolate, serrate incised, 
or even parted: fruit ovate. Throughout Canada and the Atlantic States 
and Oregon. 
32 CARUM Linn. 
Smooth erect slender herbs with tuberous or fusiform fascicled 
roots, pinnate leaves with few linear leaflets, involucre and in- 
volucels of few to many bracts and white flowers. Calyx-lobes 
small. Fruit ovate or oblong, glabrous, carpel with filiform or 
inconspicuous ribs. Oil-tubes 2-6 on the commissure. Seed 
dorsally flattened, more or less sulcate beneath the oil-tubes. 
-C. Gairdneri Gray Proc. Am. Acad. vii, 344. Stems 1-4 feet high, 
from fascicled-tuberous or fusiform roots: leaves few usually simply pin- 
nate, with 3-7 linear leaflets 2-6 inches long; upper leaves usually simple: 
umbels 6-15-rayed with involucre of several bracts or none and inyolucels 
of linear acuminate bractlets: rays about 18 lines long: fruit ovate, small, 
with long styles: seed terete. From Brit. Columbia and Montana to 
Utah and California. 
C. Oregana Watson Proc. Am. Acad. xx, 368. ‘Closely resembling 
the preceding, but the lower leaves more divided, with shorter linear lobes; 
fruit oblong, larger with long styles: seed: flattened dorsally, sulcate be- 
neath the oil-tubes and slightly concave on the face, with central longitudi- 
nal ridge.’’ Brit. Columbia to California and Nevada. 
