GALIUM. RU SIACE. 285 
bright white, fragrarit: fruit small, hispidulous when young, often soon 
glabrous. Rocky banks of streams, Oregon to Alaska and across the con- 
tinent 
+ + Pointless leaves in fours, fives or sixes; small, 1-nerved. 
G. trifidum L. Sp.i, 105. Stems almost filiform; erect; branching, 
6-20 inches high, smooth, except the retrorsely hispid angles; leaves lin- 
ear to oblanceolate, obtuse, 4-8 lines long; the midrib beneath and the 
margin sparsely hispidulous: peduncles scattered, 1-severai-flowered ; 
flowers white, sometimes 3-merous: fruit small, smooth. In wet places, 
California to Alaska and across the continent. 
«+ + + Leaves in sixes, sometimes fives or on the branchlets fours, 
cuspidately mucronate or acuminate. 
G. asperrimum Gray Pl. Fendl. 60 and Bot. Cal. i, 284. ‘tems erect 
or diffusely ascending, but weak, 1-2 feet long; leaves lanceolate, 6-12 
lines long: cymes twice or thrice dichotomous, with filiform peduncles 
and pedicels: corolla white or turning purplish: ovary merely puberu- 
lent or scabrous: fruit’ granulate-scabrous and sometimes minutely his- 
pidulous. shady places in mountains, eastern Oregon to California and 
New Mexico. 
G. triflorum Michx. Fl. i, 80. Stems slender, diffusely procumbent?- 
smoothish, 1-3 feet long: leaves elliptical-lanceolate to narrowly oblong: 
1-2 inches long: cymes once or twice 4-rayed: pedicels soon <ivaricate ; 
corolla yellowish-white to greenish, its lobes hardly surpassing the bristles 
of the ovary: fruit uncinate-hispid. In forests, California to alaska and 
across the continent. 
* * * Perennials with somewhat woody base: leaves 4, in the 
s Sia without any roughness; fruit hirsute with long and straight 
ristles. 
G. multiflorum Kell. Proc. Cal. Acad. ii, 97. Suffrutescent at base: 
minutely scabrous topruinose or glabrous: stems erect, tufted, 2-12 inches 
high; leaves in fours or the uppermost ones in twos, sessile, ovate to ob- 
long-lanceolate, mucronate-apiculate or abruptly acaminate, 4-8 lines 
long, with 2 or sometimes 4 lateral nerves from the base: flowers yellow- 
ish or greenish, dicecious moncecious or perfect, solitary or somewhat 
cymose or thyrsoid-paniculate: fruit usually covered with long white 
qahier. She dry or rocky gulches, southern Oregon to California, Nevada 
an ah. 
Var. Watsoni Gray Syn. Fl. i, pt. 2,40. Mostly glabrous and 
smooth: leaves thinner, oblong-lanceolate; commonly about 6 lines long 
by 2 lines broad, with lateral nerves either distinct or obsolete. In dry 
gulches, southeastern Oregon to Arizona and Idaho. 
§ 2 Genus RELBUNIUM Endl. Leaves 4 in the whorls, one- 
nerved. Fruit baccate. 
G. Nuttallii Gray Pl. Wright i, 80. Suffrutescent, tall and climbing, 
often 3-4 feet high, mostly glabrous except the minutely aculeolate-his- 
pidulous angles of the stems and-margins of the leaves. these also some- 
times naked; leaves small, oval to linear-oblong, mucronate, mucronu- 
late, or obtuse: fruit smooth and glabrous. In thickets and open woods, 
Southern Oregon and California. | 
G. Bolanderi Gray Proc Am Acad vii, 350. Herbaceous from a 
woody root, diffuse, a foot or two high, glabrous, sometimes pubescent: 
' angles of the stem not at all or hardly scabrous: leaves oblong-linear or 
lanceolate, rather acute, about 6 lines long. thickish, with margins and 
midrib either smooth and naked or sparsely hispidulous, those of the 
