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VALERIANELLA. DIPSACACE.%. 289 
DIPSACUS. 
P. samolifolia Hceck in Engler, Jahrb iii, 37. A span to a foot high: 
verticillastrate clusters 2-4, small: corolla a line or so in length, ob- 
scurely bilabiate, with short conical-saccate spur; achene-like’ fruit of the 
shape of buckwheat, glabrous ora little pubescent, about a line long. 
Low grounds along the Columbia River and coast of California. 
3 VALERIANELLA Tourn. (Corn SALAD). 
Low glabrous annuals with opposite leaves and small flowers 
in terminal, capitate clusters. Calyx-limb none or a mere toothed 
or oblique border. Corolla with nearly regular 4-parted limb, 
funnelform or more open throat, with or without a small saccate 
gibbosity at its.base anteriorly, and a short, proper tube. Sta-. 
mens 3; fruit 3-celled, two of them empty and manifest, or often 
enlarged and closed, sometimes at length confluent into one. 
VY. onrroria Poll. Hist. Pl. Palat i, 30. Plants 4-10 inches high, 
dichotomous, pubescent on the angles; upper leaves sparingly toothed at 
the base, ciliate; the radical petioled: flowers pale blue in small glomer- 
ules; stigma of3 very small linear-oblong lobes: fruit compressed, ob- 
lique, at length broader than long, glabrous, the partition between the 
empty cells often imperfect. In fields and waste places near Portland. 
Oregon. Introduced from Europe. . 
Orper L. DIPSACACEAS Lindl. Veg. King 699. 
Herbs or suffrutescent plants (none of them native of Amer- 
ica) with opposite or verticillate sessile leaves without sti- 
_pules: the flowers aggregated in a dense involucrate head upon 
acommon receptacle, e:ch usually subtended by a chaff-like 
bract and surrounded at the base by a very short closely ap- 
pressed monophyllous involucel. Tube of the calyx adherent 
to the ovary or sometimes free except at the summit the limb 
various, sometimes forming a hairy or plumose pappus. Co- 
rolla tubular: the limb 5-cleft or 4-cleft by the union of the 
two upper lobes. Stamens 4. inserted inte the corolla towards 
the base, distinct, or rarely with the filaments united in pairs: 
anthers introrse. Ovary 1-celled, with a single suspended 
ovule. Fruit membranaceous or acheneiform, indehiscent, 
er wned with the limb of the calyx. Seed anatropous with a 
very thin testa. Embryo nearly the length of the fleshy 
albumen. : 
1 DIPSACUS Tourn. (TEASEL). 
Stout, erect hairy or prickly herbs with opposite leaves and 
large, oblong or roundish head of small flowers: the expansion 
of the flowers commencing about the middle and -proceeding in 
opposite directions. Involucre of rigid, spreading unequal 
bracts. Bracts of the receptacle rigid, acuminate. Involucel ses- 
sile, 4-angled, 8-ribbed, 4-toothed. Calyx-limb cup-shaped, 4- 
lobed. Corolla’ funnelform, 4-cleft. 
