- BRIGERON COMPOSIT 317 
leaves thin, the lowest with obovate to oblanceolate blade, less than an 
inch long and slender petiole 2 inches or more long; cauline leaves 
oblanceolate to spatulate, 1-2 inches long, sessile: Heads solitary or 2-3, 
slender-peduncled: involucre about 3 lines high and 3-4 broad, the 
bracts equa], broad-subulate, attenuate-acuminate: rays 25-30, 5-6 lines 
long, white to pale purple. Wet banks, at the head of Cheney Creek, 
Josephine Co., Oregon. 
E_ spatulifolius. Stems numervuus from a thick multisepital caudex, 
slender, leafy, somewhat hirsute toward the top, monocephalous, 4-8 inches 
long, erect or ascending: radical leaves spatulate, attenuate below toa 
broad-winged petiole, rounded at the summit, entire, or sparingly dentate 
toward the apex, 1-3 inches long, glabrous both sides; cauline leaves 
several, rather crowded, oblong to ovate, sessile by a broad somewhat 
clasping base: heads half-inch high and broad: bracts of the involucre 
linear, acute: rays 30-40, purple: pappus nearly simple of rather few 
bristles: achenes smooth. On rocky banks Pansy Camp, Cascade moun- 
tains, Oregon. 
E. Alicew Rootstock slender, stem 18-30 inches high, erect, sparingly 
branched near the top: whole herbage pubescent with soft spreading 
hairs: radical and lower cauline leaves lanceolate, entire, the blade 2-3 
inches long, 4-8 lines broad, on slender petioles as long or longer than the 
blade: upper cauline lanceolate, sessile, often attenuate-acuminate : heads 
solitary, terminating the slender branches, 6-7 lines broad: bracts of the 
involucre subulate acuminate, nearly equal, tomentose with rather long 
white wool: rays 50-60, purple or violet. In open damp woods, Siskiyou 
mountains near the Oregon line. Distributed in 1887 as EL. Coulteri. 
E. amplifolius. Stems erect, 20-30 inches high from a somewhat 
surculose rootstock, leafy, glabrous or sparingly pubescent toward the top: 
lower leaves ovate-lanceolate 8-15 lines broad. attenuate below to a long 
slender petiole: upper ones lanceolate or oblong and sessile: heads one to 
several, large, hemispherical: bracts of the involucre linear, acute or 
acuminate, rather numerous, imbricated in 2 or 3 ranks: rays 50-60, 
rather broad, blue or violet, 10-12 lines long: pappus simple or nearly so: 
achenes obovate, 2-neryed, sparingly pubescent. On open hillsides near 
Table Rock, Clackamas County, Oregon. 
++ ++ Less Aster-like: rays 100 or more and narrow: involucre 
closer: pappus more or less double, but the exterior minute, setulose 
or subulate-squamellate: stems chiefly erect, tufted, generally leafy 
to the summit and bearing few or several heads: leaves entire. 
E. speciosus DC. Prodr. v, 284. Sparingly and loosely hirsate or with 
a few scattering hair: stems 20-30 inches high, very leafy to the top; leaves 
lanceolate, acute 3-8 lines wide, sparsely ciliate; lowest more or less spatu- 
late: involucre hirsute-pubescent, or sometimes almost glabrous: rays 
half-inch to almost an inch long, violet. Dry ridges and edges of prai ies. 
British Columbia to western Oregon. 
+ + Low, rarely a foot high, conspicuously hispido hirsute with 
spreading bristly hairs: leaves entire, narrow, inyolucre close: ras 
humerous occasionally wanting: pappus conspicuously doubie. 
++ Sparingly branched, stems several or numerous from the cr.wn 
of a tap root, more or less leafy: heads middle-sized: disk a third to 
half inch in diameter : involucre hispid: rays 50-80 long and narrow, 
soon deflexed occasionally wanting. 
E. concinnus T. & G. Fl. ii, 174. Very hirsute throughout with long 
spreading white hairs: stems several from the same root or caudex, 6-10 
inches high, slender, leafy, branching, above, the branches terminated by 
