362 COMPOSIT Z& MATRICARIA 
CHRYSANTHEMUM 
oblong or lanceolate in outline. 2-10 inches long, bipinnately dissected into 
numerous small linear to setaceous-subulate divisions: heads numerous, 
crowded in a fastigiate cyme; involucre oblong, its bracts pale or some- 
simes fuscous-margined or wholly brownish: rays 4-6, 2-3 lines long and 
broad, white to rose-color: receptacle at length elevated. Very variable, 
perhaps as here defined includes several species. Common from Alaska to 
California and across the Continent. 
72 MATRICARIA L. Sp. 890. 
Herbs with finely once to thrice dissected alternate leaves 
and pedunculate heads of yellow flowers with white rays when 
resent. Heads small to rather large, radiate, or discoid and 
omogamous by the absence of ligulate pistillate flowers. Re- 
ceptacle conical or ovoid, rarely lower when young, without 
bracts among the flowers. Achenes glabrous. 3-5-ribbed or 
nerved on the face or sides, rounded onthe back. Pappus 
none, or a mere coroniform border. 
M. discoidea DC. Prodr. vi, 50, Glabrous annual: stems 4-18 inches 
high diffusely branched, very leafy: leaves 2-3-pinnately dissected into 
short linear acute lobes: heads numerous, all short-peduncled: bracts of 
the involucre oval, with broad white scarious margins and green centre, 
much shorter than the disk: receptacle high-conical: achenes oblong, 
somewhat angled, with an obscure coroniform margin at the summit. In 
yards and waste places Alaska to California and the Eastern States. 
73 CHRYSANTHEMUM L. Sp. 888. 
Perennial or annual herbs, with alternate dentate incised or 
dissected leaves and large heads of both tubular and ligulate 
flowers. Involucre hemispheric or depressed, its bracts ap- 
pressed, imbricated in several series. the outer shorter. Re- 
ceptacle flat, convex or hemispheric, naked. Rays pistillate, 
fertile. Disk-flowers perfect, their corollas with terete or 2- 
winged tubes and 4-5-cleft limb. Achenes 5-10-ribbed, or 
nerved, terete, or of the ray 3-angled. Pappus none or a scaly 
cup. 
C. LevcanrHemoum L. Sp 888. Glabrous or sparingly puberulent: stems 
1-3 feet high, from a creeping perennial rootstock, simple or prope sf 
branched: radical leaves ovate to spatulate, coarsely dentate or incised, 
narrowed below to long slender petioles; cauline spatulate, the upper grad- 
ually narrower, becoming small and linear, pinnately dentate or incised, 
partly clasping at base: heads long-peduncled, broad and flat: rays white, 
an inch long: pappus none. Becoming common in meadows and waste 
places. Naturalized from Europe. 
74 SOLIVA Ruiz. & Pay. Prodr. 113, t. 24. 
Small depressed herbs with mainly alternate petioled pinnate- 
ly dissected Jeaves and small heads of greenish flowers sessile 
in the axils or forks of the branches. eads discoid, hetero- 
gamous; the apetalous pistillate flowers most numerous; a few 
hermaphrodite but mostly sterile ones with a short and thick 
2-6-lobed corolla in tho centre. Involucre of 5-12 nearly 
