eT 
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SENECIO COMPOSIT A 377 
++ + Plants mostly in clumps or tufts, or from tufted or creeping 
rootstocks: stems commonly robust, 1-5 feet high, bearing mostly 
numerous heads in a cyme: leaves from entire to dentate, none really 
cordate, nor with permanent tomentum: usually more or less woolly- 
pubescent when young, often quite glabrate and green at flowering 
time: heads many-flowered: rays 8-12, conspicuous. 
S. Columbianus Greene Pitt. iii, 170. S. lugens in wt of authors, not 
of Richardson. ¥Floccose-woolly when young, at length glabrate: stems 
stout, 2-4 feet high, from a fascicle of coarse fibrous 1oots: leaves thick, 
very variable, from oblong to lanceolate, variously dentate to serrulate; 
the lower petioled; the upper sessile by a broad base: beads numerons, in 
an ample cymose panicle: involucre campanulate, 6-8 lines bigh; its num- 
erous bracts lanceolate, acute or acuminate, with or without black tips: 
rays yellow, 6-8 lines long, oblong to oblanceolate. Common on plains 
and hills, Brit. Columbia to California.and Nebraska. 
S. exaltatus Nutt Trans. Am. Phil. Soc. vii, 410. Sparingiy villous 
when young, at length glabrous: stems stout, 2-3 feet high, simple, naked 
above: leaves thick, equally crenate-denticulate; the radical and lower cau- 
line broadly lanceolate-oblong, obtuse, on long petioles; the upper lanceo- 
late, acute, partly clasping, serrate: heads small, numerous, in a compound 
fastigiate cyme: bracts of the involucre linear, with pubescent purplish 
or black tips: rays 6-8, oblong, short: acbenes glabrous. Plains of the 
Columbia. Oregon and Washington. S. lugens var. ochroleucus Gray ap- 
pears to be a nearly white-flowered form of this. 
S. cordatus Nutt. 1.¢. More or less pubescent, especially toward the 
base of the stem: stem solitary. 2-6 feet h‘gh, from a fascicle of fibrous 
roots, sulcate angled: lower leaves cordate-ovate, repandly serrulate or 
nearly entire, obtuse, on long petioles; the upper lanceolate, clasping, ser- 
rate: heads numerous, in a nearly simple corymb: bracts of the involucre 
about 15, linear, with pubescent black tips: rays 5-6. oblong. On sandy 
hills Sauvie Island near the mouth of the Willamette River. 
S. Oreganus. Glabrous throughout: stems rather slender, 2-3 feet 
high, from a somewhat woody caudex: leaves from spatulate to linear, 
usually narrowly lanceolate, narrowed below to a slender petiole with a 
dilated base, acutish to acuminate, more or less remotely denticulate; 
the lowest ones, including tbe pet ole, 4-8 inches long; the upper ones 
reduced to sessile subulate or setaceous bracts: heads 8-20, in a close 
umbel the rays of which elongate forming a loose cymose panicle in fruit: 
bracts of the involucre linear-lanceolate or linear, acuminate, with black 
tips: rays yellow; spatulate, 4-6 lines long: achenes about 2 lines long. 
glabrous. In marsbes bordering Lake Labish, Marion Co. Oregon. 
S. fetidus. Glabrous: stems stout, 2-3 feet high, from a short hard 
caudex, bearing an ample umbellate cyme of middlesized heads: leaves 
thin, lanceolate, finely denticulate; the lowest 4-8 inches long including 
the petiole, acute, tapering below to a short petiole; upper ones sessile 
by a broad base, reduced upward to small bracts: invohucre 6 lines high, 
its very numerous linear bracts very acute, green or yellowish, often spar- 
ingly hispidulous: rays 8-12, yellow: achenes short, glabrous. In swales, 
Klickitat Valley Washington. This plant has a very unpleasant odor, 
ay my specimens that have been in my herbarium 20 years have not 
ost it. 
++ + ++ Leaves crowded on the matted rootstock nearly veinless: 
achenes glabrous. 
S. valerianella Greene Pitt. iv, 109. Glabrous: stems slender, de- 
cumbent at base, 4-6 inches long, from slender densely tufted rootstocks: 
leaves from round-obovoid to almost orbicular, about 8 lines in diameter, 
