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CICHORIACE® COMPOSIT A 387 
97 Hypocheris Flowers yellow: pappus a series of fine plumose bristles 
with or without some naked and shorter outer ones. 
+ + + + Receptacle not chaffy: achenes either truncate at sum- 
mit or piled attenuate, yet with no distinct or prolonged beak: 
pappus o Gonad- or pointed scarious pales, or of awns or bristles with 
paleaceous base, or plumose. 
98 Ptilocalais Perennial herbs with biennial fusiform and more or less 
branching and leafy stems: pappus of 15-20 white and soft plumose 
bristles with paleaceous base. 
99 Microseris Annual or jerennial herbs with branching leafy stems: 
pappus of 4-10, usually 5 pales tapering into scabrous awns. 
100 Scorzonella Glabrous perennials with leafy stems from fusiform 
roots: pappus of 5-10 bristles with small paleaceous base. 
101 Uropappus Acaulescent or subcaulescent annuals: pappus of 5 
svarious bidentate awn-tipped paleze. 
102 Nothocalais Acaulescent perennials: pappus of 20-25 linear-lan- 
ceolate silvery-white palez in 2 or more series. 
§ 3 Pappus of capillary bristles scabrous, rarely barbellate, 
never plumous nor rose-tinted: except in Rafinesquia. 
* Receptacle with or without some capillary bristles among the 
flowers. 
103 Malacothrix Achenes terete: pappus soft and white, promptly de- 
ciduous, mostly together. 
* * Receptacle naked. 
+  Achenes not flattened: pappus persistent, or the bristles tardily 
falling quite separately. 
++ Beak of the achene none, ora mere attenuation. 
104 Apargidium Heads solitary, terminating simple bractless scapes : 
achenes columnar, truncate, not tapering at either end: pappus 
brownish, of soft and rather fragile capillary bristles. 
105 Hieracium Achenes oblong or columnar, mostly 10-ribbed or 
striate: pappus tawny, of rather rigid scabrous fragile bristles in a 
single series. 
106 Crepis Achenes from columnar to fusiform, 10-20-costate: pappus 
white and soft, in 2 or more series. . 
107 Nabalus Achenes terete or 4-5-angled, linear-oblong or cylindrical: 
pappus of copious rather rigid capillary bristles. 
108 Lygodesmia Achenes terete, linear or slender-fusiform: pappus of 
copious and usually unequal capillary bristles. 
++ +* Beak of the achene distinct, usually slender : heads always erect. 
109 Agoseris Involucre more or less imbricated in more than 1 series: 
achenes 10-costate or 10-nerved. 
110 Taraxacum Involucre of a single series: achenes 4- or 5-costate or 
angled and usually with some intervening nerves. 
111 Rafinesquia Achenes terete, obscurely few-rit'bed: pappus of 10-15 
slender softly long-plumose bristles, : 
+ + Leafy-stemmed plants with more or less paniculate heads: 
achenes flattened: pappus of copious fine and soft capillary bristles. 
