PTILORIA COMPOSIT A 389 
TRAGOPOGON 
ones, not rarely with two or three of intermediate length. Recep- 
tacle quite naked. Achenes 5-angled or ribbed, sometimes with 
intermediate ribs. Pappus a series of plumose bristles or rarely 
chaffy awns, not rarely naked toward the base. 
P tennifolia Raf. Atl. Journ. 145, 1832. Stephanomeria minor Nutt. 
Perennial, 1-2 feet high, stems slender, branches ascending hearing nu- 
merous small heads of pink flowers in long loose racemes: radical leaves 
runcinate pinnatifid, those of the stem linear or filiform, entire, or some- 
times runcinate-dentate, the uppermost reduced to small scales : involucres 
narrow, usually 5-tlowered with about the same number of linear-lanceo- 
late scarious-margined bracts: pappus white, very plumose tothe base. 
Plains and mountains from British Columbia to California, Texas and Ne- 
. braska, 
P virgata Greene Pitt. ii, 180.  Stephanomeria virgata Benth. 
Stems rigid, 1-4 feet high trom an annual root: lower leave: oblong or 
spatulate, often sinuate or pinnatifid; upper leaves linear, small and en- 
tire: heads 3-4 lines long, mostly subsessile or short-peduncled, spicately 
or thyrsoidly disposed along the naked upper part of the virgate stem or 
smaller branches, sometimes more loosely paniculate on open branchlets: 
inyOlucre 4-8 flowered: achenes subclavate or oblong, rugose-tuberculate 
between the narrow ribs: pappus moderately plumose to the base, white, 
not paleaceous-dilated. Oregon and California. 
P. paniculata Greene 1. c. 132. Stephanomeria paniculata Nutt. 
Stems erect from an annual root: a foot or two high, bearing numerous 
narrow 3-5 flowered heads in an elongated, narrow or more open panicle, 
or else more strictly disposed or virgate branches: leaves linear or the 
lower lanceolate: achenes subclavate or oblong, rugose tuberculate or ob- 
long, rugose-tuberculate between the narrow ribs: pappus grayish or fus- 
cous,its bristles short-plumose nearly or quite to the more or less paleaceous 
or squamelliferous base. Plains of Eastern Oregon and Idaho. 
P. exigua Greene]. c Stephanomeria exigua Nutt, Stems panicu- 
lately and often divergently branched with slender branches and branch- 
lets, 1-2 feet high: radical and lower cauline leaves pinnatifid or bipinna- 
tifid, those of the branches mainly reduced to short scales: heads scattered : 
involucre 4-5 lines high, usually 5-flowered : achenes thick-ribbed and tuber- 
culate-rugose when mature: bristles of the pappus 8-18, their more or less 
dilated-and paleaceous or thickened base commonly a little connate into 4 
or 5 phalanges and often 1-2-setose on each side. Idaho to eastern Cali- 
fornia and Texas. 
96 TRAGOPOGON L Gen. n. 905. 
Biennial or perennial somewhat succulent herbs with alternate, 
sessile and clasping leaves, and long-peduncled large heads of yel- 
low or purple flowers opening in the early morning, usually closed 
by noon. Involucre cylindric or narrowly campanulate, its 
bracts in one series, nearly equal, united at base. Rays truncate 
and 5-toothed at the apex. Anthers sagittate at base. Style- 
branches slender. Achenes linear, terete or 5-angled 5-10- 
ribbed, terminated by slender beaks, or the cutermost beakless. 
Pappus-bristles in one series, plumose, connate at the base, the 
plume-branches interwebbed. 
T. porrirotius L. Sp. 780. (Oyster Puant. Satsrry.) Stems erect, 2-7 
feet high from a long fleshy tap-root: leaves entire, linear-lanceolate,long- 
