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HETEROCODON CAMPANULACE 409 
CAMPANULA 
H rariflorum Nutt. |. c. Sparingly hirsute: stems filiform, leafy, 
diffusely spreading, 4-12 inches long: leaves orbicular, with cordate partly 
clasping base coarsely many-toothed, 4-8 lines long: flowers solitary, axil- 
ary and ierminal: calyx with short ovoid cr inversely pyramidal tube and 
foliaceous broadly ovate sparingly toothed veiny lobes: only the later flowers 
with developed pale blue corolla which barely equals the lobes of the calyx: 
seeds oblong, obscurely triangular. In wet places and fields, Brit. Colum- 
bia to California. and Idaho. 
4 CAMPANULA L. Gen. n. 218. 
Perennial or annual herbs with alternate leaves and usually 
showy blue or white flowers. Flowers all alike and corolliferous. 
Calyx with short and broad tube and 5-lobed limb. Corolla 
campanulate or nearly rotate, 5-lobed or 5-parted. Filaments 
dilated at base: anthers oblong or linear. Stigmas and cells of 
the ovary 3-5. Capsule mostly short, opening on the sides or 
near the base by 3-5 small uplifted valves or perforations. 
* Root perennial: style not longer than the corolla, straight. 
+ Openings of the capsule toward its summit. 
C. Piperi. Glabious: stems numerous from a multicipital caudex, 1- 
4inches high, very leafy tothe top, bearing one to several bright blue 
flowers: leaves cuneate to spatulate, narrowed below to broad _ petioles, 
coarsely and sharply serrate, or irregularly dentate, (-18 lines long. those 
of the shoots withering and persistent for several years: calyx-tube short, 
obconic, the subulate or linear-lanceolate lobes 6-8 lines long, about equal- 
ling the open-campanulate corolla anthers linear: stigmas usually 8, 
strongly recurved: capsule almost globular. On cliffs, Mount Steele, 
Olympic Mountains, Washington. Distributed by Mr. Piper as C. auwrita. 
C. seabrella Engelm. Bot. Gaz vi, 237. Cinereous-puberulent or 
minutely scabrous to nearly glabrous: numerous stems from a mul- 
ticipital caudex, 2-5 inches high, 1-4-flowered: leaves thickish; radical 
spatulate; upper cauline linear: iobes of the corolla ovate-lanceolate as 
long as its campanulate tube capsules oblong-turbinate, not narrowed at 
summit. Grassy slopes, Mount Adams Washington to the bighest moun- 
tains of California 
+ + . Openings of the capsule near the base. 
C. rotundifolia L Sp. 163. Stems slender, erect or diffuse, 6-30 
inches long, one to several-flowered: lowest leaves orbicular or ovate to 
cordate, slender-petioled; cauline leaves all linear and sessile: flower-buds 
erect on the slender pedicels; flowers drooping or spreading ; calyx-lobes 
subulate, spreading, longer than the short-turbinate tube; corolla blue, 
pempenuldte, 7-12 lines long: capsule obconic or ovoid nodding, opening 
by short clefts near the base. Common on rocky banks and creek-bottoms, 
Alaska to California and across the Continent Europe and Asia. A vyaria- 
ble species, perhaps as here defined includes more than one species. 
* * Root perennial: leaves sharply or laciniately serrate: inflores- 
cence centrifugal and racemiform: style filiform and straight, exceed- 
ing the narrow-campanulate‘eorolla: capsule hemispherical or short- 
turbinate, the openings near the middle or near the base. 
C. Scouleri Hook. FI. ii, t. 125. Glabrous or a little pubescent: stems 
slender, 6-13 inches long, often branched: leaves from ovate to lanceolate, 
1-3 inches long, acute and acutely serrate, mostly tapering at base to a 
margined petiole: flowers more or less panicled, drooping, on long filiform 
pedicels, pale blue, the terminal one opening first: calyx with oblong tube 
