560 VERBENACEZ VERBENA 
OrpDER Lxx11 VERBENACEA J. St. Hil. Expos. Fam. i, 445. 
Herbs, shrubs or trees with opposite or verticillate, rarely 
alternate, leaves and perfect more or less irregular, or some- 
times regular, flowers in terminal or axillary spikes, racemes, 
cymes or panicles. Calyx inferior, mostly persistent, usually 
4-5-lobed or 4-5-cleft. Corolla gamopetalous, regular or bi- 
labiate, the tube usually cylindrical and the limb 4 5-cleft. 
Stamens 4, didynamous, rarely only 2 or as many as lobes of 
the corolla, inserted on the corolla and alternate with its lobes. 
Anthers 2-celled. the cells dehiscent longitudinally. Ovary 
2-10-celled, composed of 2 carpels, each with 2 anatropous or 
amphritropous ovules, thus in 4-celled ovaries 1 ovule in each 
cell. Style terminal: stigmas lor 2. Fruit dry, separating at 
maturity into 2-4 nutlets or a 2-4-seeded drupe. Embryo 
straight, in little or no albumen. 
1 VERBENA Tourn, L. Sp. 18. 
Herbs or shrubs mostly with opposite leaves and variously 
colored flowers in terminal solitary, corymbed or panicled spikes. 
Calyx 5-angled, more or less unequally 5-toothed. Corolla sal- 
verform or funnelform, the tube straight or somewhat curved, the 
limb spreading, 5-lobed, slightly bilabiate or regular. Stamens 
4, or very rarely only 2, included: connective of the anther un- 
appendaged, or sometimes provided with a gland. Ovary 4-celled. 
Style usually short, 2-lobed, one of the lobes stigmatic. Fruit 
dry, mostly enclosed by the calyx, at length separating into 4 
1-seeded linear-oblong crustaceous nutlets. 
VY. hastata L. Sp. 20. Roughish-pubescent perennial: stems erect» 
strict, 3-7 feet high, usually branched above: leaves oblong-lanceolate to 
lanceolate, acute or acuminate, narrowed at base, serrate or incised-dentate 
with acute teeth, 3-6 inches long, the lower sometimes bastately 3-lobed 
at base, all petioled: spikes numerous, panicled, slender, 2-6 inches long: 
bracts ovate, acuminate, shorter than the calyx: corolla blue, its limb 
about 14 lines broad: fruit densely imbricated on the spikes, 1-1% lines 
high. In moist meadows, Oregon to Brit. Columbia and the Atlantic St’s. 
VY. prostrata R. Br. Ait. Kew. ed 2, iv, 41. Soft-villous to hirsute 
perennial: stems ascending or spreading, at length much branched from 
the base, 1-3 feet high: leaves obovate or oblong in ontline,coarsely toothed 
or incised, often 3-5-cieft or lobed, 1-2 inches long tapering at base into a 
margined petiole: spikes solitary or somewhat clustered, elongated, hirsute 
or villous: bracts subulate, shorter than the calyx: corolla violet or blue, 
2 lines long. On plains and open places, southern Oregon to California. 
VY. bracteosa Michx. FI. ii, 18. Hirsute-pubescent perennial: stems 
much branched from the base, the branches decumbent or ascending, 
slender, 6-18 inches long: leaves ovate, oval or obovate in outline, pin- 
nately incised or pinnatifid, 1-3 inches long, more or less cuneate at base 
and narrowed into short petioles, the lobes mostly dentate: spikes sessile, 
stout, dense, becoming 4-6 inches long in fruit: bracts conspicuous, linear- 
lanceolate, rather rigid, longer than the flowers and fruits the lower ones 
often incised: corolla purplish-blue, about 2 lines long. On sandy plains 
and waste places, Brit. Columbia to California and Illinois. 
