606 ARISTOLOCHIACEZ EMPETRUM 
ASARUM 
OrpeR LXXXIV EMPETRACE® Dumort. Fl. Belg. 106. 
Low evergreen shrubs with watery juice, small narrow leaves 
without stipules and small dicecious or polygamous flowers in 
terminal heads or axillary. Calyx of 3 sepals sometimes a few 
petals also present. Staminate flowers with 2-4 stamens: fila- 
ments filiform: anther 2-celled, the cells longitudinally dehis- 
cent: sometimes a rudimentary pistil present. Pistillate flowers 
with a 2-several-celled sessile ovary: the singie style cleft into 
asmany segments as cells of the ovary. Ovules one in each 
cell, amphitropous. Fruita berry-like drupe containing 2-sey- 
eral 1-seeded nutlets. Embryo straight, terete, in copious 
albumen. 
1 EMPETRUM L. Sp. 1022. 
_ Depressed or spreading, freely branching shrubs with narrow 
sessile leaves and small flowers solitary in the upper axils. Sep- 
als mostly 3, often with as many petals. Staminate flowers with 
3 stamens, the anthers introrse. Pistillate flowers with a globose 
6—-9-celled ovary and short thick style with 6-9-toothed segments. 
Drupe black or red, containing 6-9 nutlets. 
* KE. nigrum L .Sp. 1022. Glabrous or the young shoots pubescent: stems 
6-18 inches long, usually much branched, the branches diffusely spreading: 
leaves crowded dark green, linear-oblong, obtuse, 2-4 lines long, the strun- 
gly revolute margins roughish: flowers very small, purplish: stamens ex- 
serted: drupe 2-3 lines in diameter, usually not maturing until the follow- 
ing season. On rocky banks near the coast, California to the Arctic regions, 
and on the northern Atlantic coast Europe and Asia. 
OrpER LXXXV ARISTOLOCHIACEZ Blume 
Enum, Pl. Jay. 181, (1830.) 
Herbs or shrubs with watery juice, alternate or all radical 
leaves without stipules and mostly large tlowers solitary or clus- 
tered in the axils of the leaves or terminal. Calyx-tube adnate 
to the ovary, its limb 3-lobed, 6-lobed or irregular. Stamens 6- 
many, inserted on the pistil: anthers 2-celled, extrorse longitu- 
d nally deh’scent. Ovary wholly or partly inferior, mostly 6 cel- | 
led. Ovules numerous in each cell, anatropous, horizon'al or 
pendulous. Fruit a many-seeded mostly 6-celled capsule. Seeds 
ovoid or oblong, angled or compressed, the testa .crustaceous, 
smooth or wrinkled, usually with a fleshy or dilated raphe. Em- 
bryo minute, in copious fleshy albumen. 
1 ASARUM L. Sp. 442. 
Acaulescent perennials with cordate long-petioled leaves and 
dull-colored flowers solitary in the axils of the leaves. Calyx 
campanulate or hemispheric, adnate to the ovary, at least below, 
regularly 3-lobed, the lobes valvate. Stamens 12, inserted on the 
ovary. Ovary partly or wholly inferior, 6-celled, the parietal 
placente intruded. Capsule coriaceous, crowned by the marces- 
