668 TYPHACEZ SPARGANIUM 
TYPHA 
tropous, with straight axile embryo and copious albumen. 
1 Sparganium. Flowers in globular heads with foliaceous bracte. 
2 Typha Flowers in a cylindrical compact terminal spike. 
1 SPARGANIUM L. Sp. 971. 
Aquatic herbs with erect or floating stems, linear alternate leaves 
and small flowers densely crowded in globose heads on the upper 
part ot the stem and branches, the staminate heads uppermost. 
Spavhes linear, immediately beneath or at a distance below the 
head. Perianth represented by a few chaffy scales. Stamens 
usually 5, with distinct filaments and oblong or cuneate anthers. 
Ovary sessile, mostly 1-celled. Fruit nut-like. 
S. eurycarpum Engelm. in Gray’s Man. ed. 2, 430. Stems stout, 
2-8 feet high, branching: leaves linear, flat, slightly keeled, the lowest 2-6 
feet long, the upper shorter: staminate heads numerous; pistillate heads 
2-4 on the stem or branch, sessile or peduncled, compact, 10-16 lines in di- 
ameter when mature: style 1; stigmas 1 or 2: nutlets sessile, 3-5 lines long, 
obtusely 4-5-angled, narrowed at base, the top rounded, flattened or de- 
pressed, abruptly tipped with the style: scales as long or nearly as long as 
the fruit, and as many as its anglex, often with 2 or 3 outer ones, some- 
what spatulate, the apex rounded and denticulate or erose. In marshes 
and along streams, California to Brit. Columbia and the Eastern States. 
S. androcladum Morong Bull. Torr. Bot. Club. xv, 78. Stems slen- 
der, more or less branching 10-20 inches high; pistillate heads 3-7, sessile 
or the lowest peduncled: style 1: stigmas |, rarely 2: heads 6-12 lines in 
diameter when mature: scales oblong, as long as the nutlets or shorter: 
nutlets fusiform, 2-3 lines long, often strongly contracted at the middle, 
tapering into the style, pedicelled. In ponds, Oregon to Brit. Columbia 
and the Eastern States. 
S. simplex Huds. Fl. Angl. ed. 2, 401. Stems slender, 2-20 inches 
high, simple: leaves more or less triquetrous, 2-4 lines wide: staminate 
heads 4-7, pistillate 2-6, sessil, or the lowest peduncled, 5-8 lines in diameter 
when mature: scales about half as long as the nutlets, denticulate: nutlets 
fusiform or narrowly oblong. obtusely angled at the apex, more or less 
contracted in the middle, pedicelled: stigma linear, as long as the style 
Borders of ponds and streams, California to Alaska and across the Continent® 
Var. angustifolium Engelm. in Gray Man. ed. 5, 481. Floatin 
in deep water: leaves very long, 1-2 lines wide, their sheaths often inflate 
at base: pistillate heads 1-4, 3-7 lines in diameter. In mountain lakes and 
slow streams, California to Oregon Newfoundland and New York. 
S. minimum Fries Sum Veg. ii, 560. Floating: stems very slender, 
4 inches to 3 feet long: leaves very thin and lax, 1-3 lines wide: staminate 
heads | or 2; pistillate 1-3, sessile 2-5 lines in diameter when mature; scales 
about half as long as the fruit, denticulate: stigmas oval, often obliqne: 
nutlets ovoid, slightly triangular, tapering abruptly into the ub 1-2 lines 
long sessile or nearly so. In ponds and streams, Oregon to Utah, Michi- 
gan, New Jersey and New Brunswic. 
TYPHA L. Sp. 971. 
Marsh or aquatic plants with creeping rootstocks, simple erect 
terete stems, linear flat ensiform leaves with sheathing base, and 
very numerous small flowers in dense terminal spikes subtended 
by spathaceous usually fugaceous bracts, the staminate spikes 
