696 CYPERACE inex 
beak. In marshes, California to Alaska and across the continent. 
C. monile Tuckerman Enum. Meth. 20. Stems slender, erect or re- 
clining, 1-3 feet high: leaves elongated, rather light green, 1-4 lines wide, 
sometimes exceeding the stem: bracts similar, often longer than the in- 
florescence: staminate spikes 1-4, slender-peduncled: pistillate spikes 1-3, 
cylindrical, 1-3 inches long, about 4 lines in diameter, rather loose at ma- 
turity, the upper sessile, the lower one when 3, slender-peduncled and 
usually remote: perigynium yellowish-green, ovoid, inflated, about 24% 
lines long, tapering into a sharp 2-toothed beak, longer than the lanceolate 
acuminate scale. In marshes and wet meadows, California to Alaska and 
across the continent. 
C. exsiccata Bailey Mem. Torr. Bot. Club, i, 6. Stems stout, erect, 
1-3 feet high: leaves pale green, 4-6 lines wide, the upper ones surpassing 
the stem: staminate spikes 1 or 2, slender: pistillate spikes 1-3, cylindric, 
1-3 inches long, nearly sessile or the lowest one slender-peduncled: scales 
very narrow, muticose: perigynia lance-ovate, scarcely inflated, strongly 
nerved, 3-4 times longer than the scale. In swales, Oregon and Washington. 
Var. globosa Bailey |. c. . More slender, with narrower leaves: 
spikes small, an inch or less long, more or less scattered, closely sessile, 
rusty in color: scales hyaline and very small: perigynia narrower, con- 
A ouie, spreading. Iu ponds on the high mountains, Oregon to Brit. 
olumbia. : . 
C. retrorsa Schwein. Ann. Lyc. N.Y. i, 71. Glabrous: stemsstout, 
erect, 1-3 feet high: leaves elongated thin, rough-margined, 2-4 lines wide, 
the upper usually exceeding the stem; the bracts similar: staminate spikes 
1-3, short-peduncled: pistillate spikes 3-6, all close together at the top and 
sessile or nearly so, or the lowest distant and peduncled, densely-flowered, 
1-2 inches long, 6 lines in diameter: perigynia ovoid, membranous, yellow- 
ish-green, about three lines long, tapering into a subulate 2-toothed beak, 
1, longer than the sraooth Janceolate acute scale, reflexed at maturity. In 
bogs and wet meadows, Oregon and the Atlantic States. 
C. comosa Boott Trans. Linn. Soc. xx, 117. Stems stout, 2-3 feet | 
high: leaves ample, rough on the margins, 5-6 lines wide: staminate spikes 
erect, short-peduncled, sometimes pistillate at the top: pistillate spikes 
5-6, all on slender peduncles, or the uppermost nearly sessile all nodding 
or spreading, about 2 inches long, 5-7 lines in diameter: scales narrow, 
very rough, oblong or lanceolate, short acuminate, about 2 lines long: 
perigynia with oblong little inflated base and long slender 2-toothed beak, 
twice as long as the scale; the long slender teeth spreading. In bogs, 
Washington to California and the Atlantic States. 
TRIBE 11 TRACHYCHLANA Drejer Symb. Car. 9. Staminate 
spikes one or more. Pistillate spikes compactly flowered, mostly 
large, erect or nearly so. Stamens 3. Perigynia mostly thick, 
and hard in texture, commonly scabrous or hirsute, straight- 
beaked. 
§ 1 ANnomaLa@ Carey Gray’s Man. 557. Terminal spikes all . 
staminate: pistillate spikes long and cylindrical, mostly densely 
flowered. Perigynia broad and short, short-beaked, the apex 
very slightly toothed or entire, mostly granulate. 
C. amplifolia Boott, Hook. Fl. ii, 228, t. 226. Stems stout, 2-3 feet 
high, very sharply angled, rough above: leaves many, 5-8 lines wide, 
rough on the margins, usually exceeding the stem: bracts: leaf-like, with- 
out sheaths: pistillate spikes 4-6, erect, the upper one sessile, the lowe! 
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