710 CYPERACE CAREX 
top commonly nodding. Oregon to Brit. Columbia and the Eastern States, 
Var. amplia Bailey Mem. Torr. Bot. Club i, 53.. Very large and 
stout, 2-3 feet high: heads 1-3 inches long,,much branched: perigynia 
a line or more long, nerved on the back, produced into a long beak.. In 
bogs, Oregon and Washington. 3 
C. viearia Bailey |. c. 49. Stems 10-30 inches high, slightly scabrous 
above: leaves 1-214 lines wide, shorter than the stem: bracts setaceous, 
exceeding the spike, heads ferruginuus, 6-20 lines long by 3-8 lines thick, 
ovate-oblong or cylindrical, of numerous small roundish crowded spikes or 
clusters of spikes, the lower often distant: scales ovate, acute, cuspidate: 
perigynia divergent, membranaceous, ovate. rostrate and bidentate, serrate 
above on the somewhat winged margins, longer and broader than the scale. 
In wet places, Oregon to California. : 
Var. costata Bailey |. c. 49. Perigynia very strongly many-nerved 
or ribbed on the outer face and ugually bearing 3 or 4 nerves on the inner 
one. Southern Oregon. 
§ 4 ArenarI@ Kunth Enum. Pl. ii. 376. Spikes longer, 
linear or nearly so, aggregated into short almost globose heads. 
Perigynia lanceolate or ovate-lanceolate, mostly larger and more 
delicate in texture. Scales very acute or awn-pointed. Stamin- 
ate flowers variously situated. 
C. Douglasii Boott Hook. Fl. ii, 213, t. 213. Rootstocks creeping: 
stems about a foot high, obtusely angled, smooth: leaves 1-2 lines wide, 
tapering to an extremely slender triangular point: bracts scale-like, clasp- 
ing, cuspidate, or the lowest prolonged beyond the stem: heads dicecious 
“or nearly so, oblong, pale or chestnut color, 1-2 inches long, 6-9 lines thick, 
of many ellipsoidal or ovoid crowded spikes the upper simple, the lower 
compound and sometimes branching, often half inch long: perigynia ovate 
‘or lanceolate-ovate, acuminate to a slender obliquely cut beak, stipitate, 
shorter than the ample membranous oblong or lanceolate acute or cuspi- 
date hyaline-margined scale: stigmas 2, very long.’ In alkaline soil, eastern 
Washington to California. ‘ en ; 
§ 5 Munienpercian® Tuckerm. Enum.’ Meth. 9. Spikes 
green or nearly so when mature, aggregated or scattered, never in 
compound heads. Staminate flowers always borne at the top of 
the spike. Perigynia mostly short-ovate, usually not.conspicu- 
‘ously nerved. me Le, 45 : 
C. tenella Schk. Reidgr. 23. Rootstocks very slender: stems almost 
filiform, rough, commonly reclining, 6 inches.to 2 feet long: leaves soft, 
about 4% line wide, spreading, shorter than or sometimes equalling the 
stem: spikes very pial, 1-2-flowered, distant, or the npper close together: 
perigynia ovoid-ellipsoid, nearly terete, hard, about I line long by 3 line 
thick, tipped with a minute entire beak longer than or equalling the ovate 
acute hyaline scale:‘stigmas 2. In bogs, Brit. Columbia to California and 
. 
the Eastern States. raat 
_ €. valicola Dewey Sill. Journ. 2nd ser. xxxii, 40, Stems 6-12 inches 
high, very slender: leayes 14 line wide, shorter than the stem: bracts 
roughly cuspidate from a broad hyaline-margined base, the lowest equal - 
ling or exceeding its spike: head 6-12 lines long, linear-oblong, of 4-7 nar- 
rowly oblong contiguous spikes: scales chestnut-color, membranous, with 
very broad hyaline margins, acute, or the scabrous keel prolonged into a 
short mucro: perigynia pale brown, obovate, abruptly attenuate to the 
base and to the obliquely cut entire beak, about equalling the scales. 
