PHALARIS’ | - GRAMINEA 721 
ANTHOXANTHUM 
Tribe 5° Phalaridewx Kunth Enum. 118. Spikelets more or less 
laterally compressed, 1-3-flowered. Glumes 5, the first 2 empty and 
below the articulation of the rachella, the third and fourth usually 
empty, very unlike the outer ones, rarely subtending staminate flowers, 
sometimes reduced to mere bristles; the fifth glume with a 1-nerved 
or nerveless palet and a hermaphrodite flower. 
jy. .. 6 PHALARIS L, Sp. 54. 
_.* ’ Panicle dense and spike-like: glumes keeled. 
P. Canarrensis L. Sp. 54. Stems 1-3 feet high, from an annual root; 
leaves flat, with the upper sheaths much inflated: spikes 1-2 inches long, 
ovoid or somewhat cylindrical, very dense: glumes broad, with a conspicu- 
ous keel with a distinct green line within it: rudimentary. flowers represented - 
by small smooth lanceolate scales: perfect flowers with minute silky hairs’ 
Tn fields and waste places: introduced from Europe. 
P. Caroliniana Walt. Fl. Car. 74. P. intermedia Bosc. Stems 6 
inches to 4 feet high, smooth, from an annual root: leaves short, an inch long 
or less, often glaucous; sheaths inflated: spikes 1-2 inches long, dense: spike- 
lets 3 lines long: glumes with a broad keel, pointed rudimentary flowers 
linear, hairy, less than half as long as the perfect one which is long-pointed, 
hairy and one third shorter than the glumes, In waste places, Oregon to 
Catlfornia and the southern Atlantic States. _ 
P. amethystina Trin. Phalarid. 10. Stems rather slender, 2-8 feet 
high, from a perennial root: leaves often purplish, short; the sheaths inflated: 
spikes oblong, 1-2, inches long, ‘usually purplish: spikelets 2 lines long or: 
more: glumes but’ slightly keeled: rudimentary flowers hairy, more than half 
as Jong as the hairy perfect one. Along the coast, southern Oregon to Calif. 
_ * * Panicle branched: glumes not keeled. 
P. arundinaceae L. Sp. 55. Stems 2-6 feet high, from creeping per- 
ennial rootstocks; leaves 3-20 inches long, 3-8 lines wide smooth panicle 4-8 
inehes long, its rough branches erect or somewhat spreading: spikelets 2 
lines long, ovate: glumes pointed, 3-ner'ved, not keeled: rudimentary flowers - 
reduced to narrow silky scales, one-third as long as the perfect one which is 
smooth or silky and one-third shorter than the glume, Common in low 
grounds California to Brit. Columbia and the Atlantic States: also in Europe 
and /Asia. . : 
7 ANTHOXANTHUM L. Sp. 28. 
Panicle cylindrical, spike-like. Spikelets 3-flowered, the lat- 
eral flowers neutral and consisting of a single palet ; the upper or: 
central one. perfect. Glumes thin, unequal, the lower smaller, 
1-nerved, the upper about twice as long as the lower and 3-nerved. 
Palets of neutral flowers usually awned. Stamens 2. Ovary 
glabrous. Stigmas feathery. Grain ovate, enclosed by the glume. 
A. oporatom L. Sp. 58. Stems erect aud rather slender, 1-2 feet high, 
from a perennial root: leaves flat hairy: sheaths often hairy; the.ligule short 
and obtuse:’' panicle 1-6 inches long, interrupted below, often brownish: 
spikelets 3-4 lines long: neutral palets 2-lobed, hairy, one with a bent awn 
from near the base, the other short-awned below the tip: whole plant pleas- 
antly scented when drying. Common in lawns and waste places: introduc- 
ed from Europe. 
