BROMUS GRAMINE# 771 
the lower ones softly pubescent: ligules 1-2 lines long: leaves 1-4 inches 
long, 1-2 lines wide, softly pubescent: panicle 2-6 inches long, open, its 
branches slender and drooping, somewhat one-sided: spikelets numerous, 
5-8-flowered, on capillary recurved slender pedicels: empty glumes acu- 
minate, usually rough or hirsute; the first 1-nerved, the second longer, 
3-nerved; flowering glumes 4-6 lines long, acuminate, 7-nerved, usually 
rough or hirsute: awns 6-8 lines long. In fields and waste places: natur- 
alized from Europe. 
§ 2 zERNA Panz. Short-lived perennials, usually with a weak 
drooping panicle and more or less pubescent flowering glumes. 
B. Pacificus Shear U. 8S. Dept. Agr. Div. Agrost. Bull. 23, 38. Stems 
stout, leafy, pubescent at the nodes, 3-6 feet high: sheaths mostly retrorse- 
ly pilose: ligules 144-2 lines long rounded above, somewhat lacerate-den- 
_ tate: leaves 8-14 inches long, 4-7 lines wide, sparingly pilose above, scab- 
rous beneath: panicle dense, drooping, its lower branches secund: spikelets 
144 inch long, 7-11-flowered, coarsely pubescent throughout: empty glumes 
acute, the first 1-nerved, or rarely with 2 short lateral nerves, 3-4 lines 
long, the second broader and 3-5-nerved ; flowering glumes inconspicuously 
7-nerved, broadly lanceolate, emarginate, 6-7 lines long: awn straight, 
2-3 lines long. In moist thickets near the sea, Clatsop County, Oregon. 
B. Orcuttianus Vasey Bot. Gaz. x, 223. An erect perennia! 2-5 feet 
high, sheaths pubescent: ligules 44 line long: leaves nearly smooth, 5-10 
inches long, 3-9 lines wide: panicle erect, thin, 5-7 inches long, its bran- 
ches in twos and threes, bearing 2-3 spikelets each, spreading: spikelets 
4-8-flowered the first empty glume linear, acute, 1-3-nerved: 4 lines long, 
the second linear, almost acute, 3-nerved, 5-6 lines long, flowering glumes, 
scabrous, rounded on the back, lance-elliptical, 5-7nerved, 6-7 lines long, 
-obtuse: awn 2-6 lineslong: palets linear. On the high mountains Wash- 
ington to lower California. 
B. vulgaris Shear 1. c. 48. Stems slender, erect, 30-40 inches high, 
pubescent below the nodes, which are retrorsely bearded: sheaths pilose, 
with spreading or reflexed hairs: ligules truncate, 1-214 lines. long: leaves 
7-12 inches long, 2-6 lines wide, thinly pilose above, glabrous or sparsely 
pilose beneath: spikelets covered with a short coarse pubescence, the first 
narrow, very acute 3-4 lines long: 1-nerved, the second much broader and 
longer, 3-nerved, scabrous on the back: flowering glumes about 6 lines 
long, sparsely pubescent, 5-nerved, awns slender, 5-6 lines long. In open 
woods. California to Brit. Columbia and Montana. 
Var. eximius Shear 1. c. 44. More erect and robust: sheaths and 
leaves glabrous: flowering glumes pubescent only on the midnerve and 
near the base. Eastern Oregon and Washington. 
VY. robustus Shear 1. c. 44. Tall and leafy: sheaths and leaves 
sparingly pilose: panicle larger. Along the coast, Oregon to Brit. Columbia. . 
_  B. levipes Shear |. c. 45. Stems 30-40 inches high, from short creep- 
ing rootstocks, pubescent just below the nodes: sheaths glabrous: ligules 
114-2 lines long, truncate, entire or lacerate-dentate: leaves 6-12 inches 
long, 2-4 lines wide: panicle lax, drooping, 7-10 inches long: spikelets 
drooping, narrow, terete, 5-9-flowered: empty glumes smooth, the first 
acute, 3-nerved, 3-6 lines long,the second broader, 5-nerved, 5-7 lines long: 
flowering glumes obtuse, 7-nerved, 6-8 lines long, densely pubescent on 
the margins and on the back at the base, hyaline and usually brownish- 
yellow at the apex: awn straight 214-3 lines long: palets about 1 line long, 
shorter than the glumes. In thickets, Washington to California in the 
Coast and Cascade Mountains. 
B. Suksdorfii Vasey Bot. Gaz. x, 223. An erect coarse tufted per- 
