778 GRAMINEZ ELYMUS 
short, leaves 4-6 inches long, 2-4 lines wide, scabrous: empty glumes awn - 
like 7-9 lines long, those of the lateral spikelets exceeding the other; flower- 
ing glume of the central spikelets 5 lines long, broadly lanceolate, scabrous 
toward the apex, bearing an awn about 5 lines long, that of the lateral 
spikelets smaller, subulate-pointed or short-awned. California to Alaska. 
54 ELYMUS L. Sp. 93. 
Tall grasses with flat or involute leaves and dense terminal spikes. 
Spikelets 2- to several-flowered, sessile, usually in pairs, sometimes 
3 or more in the alternate notches of the continuous or jointed 
rachis, the empty glumes forming an apparent involucre to the 
clusters. Two lower glumes empty, narrow, acute or awned: 
flowering glumes shorter, rounded on the back, 5-nerved, usually 
bearingan awn. Palets a little shorter than the glumes 2-keeled. 
Stamens 3. Styles very short distinct, with plumose stigmas. 
Grain sparsely hairy at the summit, adherent to the palet. 
E. saxicolus Scribn. & Smith U. 8. Dept. Agr. Div. Agrost. Bull. 11, 
56. A rather slender wiry densely cespitose perennial: stems 3-5 inches 
high, pubescent: sheaths pubescent: ligules very short: leaves 3-10 inches 
long. 1-2 lines wide, pubescent on both sides, attenuate-pointed spikelets 
2-5-flowered, about9 lineslong: empty glumes narrowly !anceolate, 1-3- 
nerved, about 3 lines long: awns divergent, 10-12 lines long: -flowering 
glumes 6 lines long, smooth or slightly scabrous near the apex, rather 
broadly lanceolate and gradually tepeting into a slender more or less di- 
vergent awn an inch long. Among bowlders and rocky crevasses, summit 
of Mount Chapaca. 
E. arenarius L. Sp. 88. Stems 14-8 feet high, simple, usually softly 
pubescent at the summit: sheaths smooth, often glaucous, the lower 
longer and the upper shorter than the internodes: ligules very short: 
leaves 3-12 inches long, 134-5 lines wide, flat or becoming involute, smooth 
beneath, rough above: spikes 3-10 inches long, usually strict: spikelets 
3-9-flowered ; empty glumes 8-14 lines long, 3-5-nerved, acuminate, more 
or less villous; flowering glumes 8-10 lines long, acute or awn-pointed, 
5-7-nerved, usually very villous. On shores, California to Alaska and 
across the continent: also in Europe and Asia. 
E. arenicolus Scribn. & Smith |. c. Cir. 9,7. A stout erect glaucous 
perennial: stems simple, glabrous, 2-5 feet high; sheaths smooth or the 
upper ones strigose-pubescent, chien A as long as the internodes; ligules 
about 4% line long, coarsely fimbriate: leaves rigid, deeply furrowed onl Bobs 
sides, strongly scabrous on the nerves, 144-2 feet long, 1-4 lines wide, 
strongly involute and pungently pointed: spikes rather slender, 6-10 
inches long, interrupted below: empty glumes subulate or narrowly lance- 
olate, rigid, scabrous above, 4-6 lines long: flowering glumes rounded on 
the back, acute, sparsely hirsute toward the base, 5-nerved, about 6 lines 
long.‘ On sand-dunes along the Columbia river near the Dalles. 
E. wollis Trin. Spreng. N. Endt. ii, 172. Stems stout, 3-7 feet high: 
sheaths smooth or more or less pubescent: ligules very short: leaves 16-20 
inches long, 6-8 lines wide, strict and pungent: spike erect, 10-16 inches 
long: spikelets 5-8-flowered, more or less soft-pubescent: empty glumes 
1-14 inches long, 5-7-nerved: flowering glumes 8-10 lines long, 7-nerved, 
Along the coast, Washington to Alaska, and Maine to Nova Scotia. 
E. flavescens Scribn & Smith l. c. Bull. 8, 8. Stems stout, 2-4 feet 
high, usually pubescent just below the nodes: sheaths smooth, often some- 
what glaucous, the lowest becoming loose and fibrous: ligules very short: 
