TSUGA PINACE A 789 
PICEA . 
the axis. Seeds with resin-vesicles on the surface, winged. 
T. heterophylla Sargent. Abies heterophylla Raf. Tsuga Mertensiana 
of authors not of Carr. A very large tree 100-200 feet high and 2-6 feet 
in diameter, with rough rather thick bark: ultimate branchlets very slender, 
roughish and when young long-hairy: leaves linear, 4-9 lines long, abruptly 
petioled, entire or usually spinulose-serrate toward the rounded apex, shining 
above, when young with 2 white stripes beneath: staminate flowers 2-3 lines in 
diameter, shorter than the stipe: cones oblong-cylindrical, acute, 4-9 lines long, 
slightly pubescent: scales longer than wide: bracts truncate: seeds about 1 line, 
long, the wing twice as long: cotyledons 2 or 4. In moist places in forestss 
California to Alaska. 
T. Mertensiana Carr. Conif. ed. 2, 250. T. Pattoniana Engelm. A 
large tree 100-200 feet high and 1-4 feet in diameter, with rough dark brown 
bark, slender pubescent branchlets and and dark green foliage: leaves 6-12 line, 
long, angular, acutish, attenuate at the base, often curved, stomatose and keeled 
both sides, unequal and appearing as ifin fascicles: staminate flowers about 2 
lines thick, on a very slender stipe: cones cylindrical-oblong, 2-3 inches long, 
6-8 lines in diameter: seeds 244 lines long, with an obliquely obovate wing 
about 4 lines long, On the high mountains UValifornia to Alaska. 
10 PICEA Link Abh. Akad. Wiss. Berlin 1727, 179. 
Large evergreen trees with reddish flaky bark and spreading 
branches. Leaves keeled above and beneath, more or less quad- 
rangular, articulated on a prominent, at last ligneous, persistent 
rhombic base, spirally arranged all around the branchlets, some- 
times by a twist of the base somewhat 2-ranked: resin-ducts 
irregular. Staminate flowers axillary and terminal on the previ- 
ous year’s branchlets, with an oblong or cylindrical staminal 
column, its short stipe surrounded by numerous bud-scales: the 
commissure of the anthers expanding into a broad nearly circular 
erect crest: anther-cells opening longitudinally. Pollen-grains 
large, with 2 air-sacs. Pistillate aments borne at the ends of 
short or longer branchlets, the scales much longer than the bracts. 
Cones maturing the first year, pendulous: scales and enclosed 
bracts persistent upon the axis. Seeds without resin-vesicles, 
imbedded in the membranous base of the wing which leays its 
under side nearly free and permits it to fall out. Cotyledons 4-8. 
P. Breweriana Watson Proc. Am. Acad. xx, 378. A slender tree 
100-150 feet high and 2-4 feet in diameter, with spreading or ascending bran- 
ches and puberulent pendent branchlets, these sometimes 6-8 feet long and not 
more than 4 lines in diameter: leaves 5-12 lines long, strictly sessile upon the 
slender base, obtuse, smooth and rounded or slightly carinate above, stomatose 
beneath on each side of the slightly prominent midnerve: cones 2-4 inches 
long, 8-10 lines in diameter, norrowly cylindrical, attenuate at base: bracts 
linear-oblong, 2 lines long: scales thick, puberulent, obovate, with slightly 
thickened rounded summit, ertire, 6-8 lines long: seeds 1% lines long, the 
wing 4 lines long, 244 lines wide. On dry rocky‘,ridges in the Siskiyou and 
Coast Mountains of southern Oregon and’adjacent California, 
P. Engelmanni Engelm. Trans, St. Louis Acad. ii, 212. <A tree 100- 
150 feet high and 2-5 feet in diameter with cinnamon colored bark and spread- 
ing branches with pubescent branchlets: leaves soft and. flexible, standing out 
in all directions from all sides of the branchlets, tetragonal, acute, with callus 
