124 CYPERACEAE 



thin, cross-rugulose ; head 2.5-10 cm. long, the lower spikes often separate; scales 

 light-brownish, hyaline-margined; perigynia serrulate. Swamps and wet 

 meadows: Newf. — Fla. — Utah — CaUf. — B.C. Plain — Submont. My-Au. 



14. Stellulatae Kunth. Densely cespitose. Culms triangular. Sheaths 

 not red-dotted or cross-rugulose. Spikes 2-10, or by reduction one, gynaecan- 

 drous, pistillate, or in a few species staminate, not comjjound. Bracts incon- 

 spicuous. Perigynia plano-convex, with orbicular, ovate or broadly oval bodies, 

 green, yellowish brown or brown, spreading or reflexed at maturity, 2.5-3.5 mm. 

 long, strongly spongy at base, sharp-edged nearly, if not entirely, to the rounded 

 or truncate base, not puncticulate, nerved on the outer, nerved or nerveless on 

 the inner surface, the beak bidentate or obliquely cut. Achenes lenticular. Stig- 

 mas 2. 



29. C. illota Bailey. Culms 1-2 dm. high, roughened above; leaf -blades 

 short, 1.5-2 mm. w^ide; spikes 3-4, forming a dense capitate head 6-8 mm. long; 

 scales broadly ovate, obtuse, brownish black, w'ith light mid vein; perigynia 

 ovate, 3 mm. long, brownish black, at length spreading, the beak one-third the 

 length of the body, smooth or nearly so. High mountains: Wyo. — Colo. — 

 Calif.— Wash. Alp.—Subalp. Jl-S. 



30. C. laeviculmis Meinsh. Culms 3-7 dm. high, weak; leaf-blades 1.5-2 mm. 

 wide, flat, soft; sj)ikes 3-8, widely separate or the upper approximate, suborbicu- 

 lar, with 3-10, at length spreading perigynia; scales ovate, hyaline, with conspicu- 

 ous green midvein; perigynia green or brownish green, ovate, 2.5-3 mm. long, 

 lightly nerved on inner surface, the beak slightly bidentate. C. Deweyana var. 

 sparsiflora Olney. Wet shaded places: Alaska — Ida. — Calif.; Siberia. Mont. 

 — Submont. Je-Au. 



31. C. interior Bailey. Culms 2-3.5 dm. high, slender and wiry; leaf- 

 blades 1-2 mm. wide; spikes 2-4, the lateral pistillate, subglobose, with 3-10 

 perigynia, the upper long-tapering and staminate at base; scales half the length 

 of the perigynia, ovate-orbicular, very obtuse, brownish, hyaline-margined all 

 around, the center lighter-colored, the midvein not reaching the tip; perigynia 

 ovate, plump, abruptly beaked, 2.5 mm. long, 1.5 mm. wide, nerveless or ob- 

 scurely nerved on the inner face, sparingly serrulate on the upper margins. 

 Boggy places: Me. — Fla. — Ariz.— Calif.— B'.C; n Mex. Plain— Subalp. My- 

 Au. 



32. C. angustior Mackenzie. Culms very slender, 1-3 dm. high; leaf- 

 blades 0.5-1.5 mm. wide; spikes 2 or 3, with 3-15 perigynia, the terminal long- 

 clavate; scales as long as the body of perigynia, acute, acuminate or cu.spidate, 

 ovate, yellowish brown tinged, with hyaline margins and midvein prominent to 

 tip ; perigynia divaricate, 2.5-3.5 mm. long, with raised margins, the beak serrulate. 

 C. stellulata var. anqustala Carey. Boggy places: N.S. — Md. — Colo. — Wash. 

 Boreal — Submont. Je. 



15. Deweyanae Tuckerm. Densely cespitose. Culms triangular. Sheaths 

 not red-dotted or cross-rugulose. Spikes 3-8, gynaecandrous, pistillate or rarely 

 staminate, simple. Lower one or two bracts often conspicuous. Perigynia 

 plano-convex, with narrowly ovate or linear-oblong bodies, light or j^ellowieh 

 green, 3.5-5.5 mm. long, appressed, strongly spongy at base, onlj^ upper half 

 sharp-edged, round-tapering at base, nerved on the outer face, nerved or nerve- 

 less on the inner face, the beak bidenticulate to deeply bidentate. Achenes 

 lenticular. Stigmas 2. 



33. C. Deweyana Schwein. Culms slender, weak, 2.5-9 dm. high, httle 

 brownish-tinged at base, strongly roughened beneath head; leaf -blades 2-5 mm. 

 wide; spikes 2-7, ovate-oblong or subglobose, the lower more or less separate, 

 with 3-15 perigynia; lower bract conspicuous; scales white-hyaline, with green 

 midvein, mostly cuspidate; perigynia nerveless on the inner face, shallowly bi- 

 dentate. Woods: N.S. — Pa. — la. — Colo. — Ida. — Mack. Plain— Submont. My- 

 Au. 



34. C. leptopoda Mackenzie. Culms slender, erect, 3-7.5 dm. high, little 

 brownish-tinged at base, roughened beneath head; leaf -blades 2.5-5 mm. wide; 



