166 LILIACEAE 



8. QUAMASIA Raf. Camash, Blue Camas, Wild Hyacinth, 



Swamp Sego. 



Perennial herbs, with scapiform stems and edible bulbs. Leaves basal, with 

 elongated blades. Flowers in terminal racemes. Sepals and petals each 3, 

 ahke, distinct, blue, white, or purple. Stamens 6; filaments filiform, adnate to 

 the base of the petals and sepals; anthers versatile, introrse. Ovary 3-celled; 

 styles filiform; stigma 3-lobed; ovules numerous in each cavity. Capsule broad, 

 3-angled. Seeds black, shining. 



Flowers somewhat oblique, about 2 cm. long; divisions 3- veined, or some of them 4- or 



5-veined. 1. Q. Quamash. 



Flowers regular, about 3 cm. long; divisions all 5-7-veined. 2. Q. Suksdorfii. 



1. Q. Quamash (Pursh) Coville. Bulb globose, 1.5-3 cm. thick; scape 3-6 

 dm. high; leaves 6-15 mm. broad, 2-4 dm. long; petals and sepals hnear, blue, 

 about 2 cm. long, exceeding the stamens, but slightly shorter than the style; 

 capsules ellipsoid, 12-15 mm. long, on almost erect pedicels. Camassia esculenta 

 Lindl. Meadows: Mont. — -Utah — -Calif. — B.C. Plain — Submont. Ap-Je. 



2. Q. Suksdorfii (Greenm.) Piper. Bulb ovate, 1-3 cm. thick; scape 3-7 

 dm. high, few-flowered; leaves 2-3 dm. long, 0.5-2 cm. broad; petals and sepals 

 3-3.5 cm. long, 8 mm. wide, blue; capsules 1.5-2.5 cm. long, erect on pedicels which 

 arch upwards. Meadows: Wash. — Ida. — Utah. Plain — -Submont. My. 



Family 22. CONVALLARIACEAE. Lily-of-the-Valley Family. 



Perennial herbs, with rootstocks and alternate, rarely basal leaves. 

 Flowers perfect, in terminal or axillary racemes, panicles, umbels, or rarely 

 solitary. Sepals and petals 3 or 2, similar, distinct or partly united, in- 

 ferior. Stamens 6 or 4. Gynoecium of 3 or 2 united carpels; ovary 3- or 

 2-celled; styles united. Fruit in all our species a berry. 



stem leafy; leaves alternate. 

 Sepals and petals distinct. 



Flowers white, in terminal racemes or panicles; anthers introrse; stem simple. 

 Petals and sepals 3; stamens 6. 1. Vagnera. 



Petals and sepals 2; stamens 4. 2. Uxifolium. 



Flowers extra-a.xillary or terminal and solitary or in small umbelhform clusters ; 

 anthers extrorse or opening laterally ; stem branched. 

 Flowers extra-axillar\ , greenish white; filaments slender; anthers acute. 

 Corolla campanuiate. 3. Streptopus. 



Corolla rotate. 4. K'ruhsea. 



Flowers terminal, yellow ; filaments dilated; anthers obtuse. 5. Disporum. 

 Sepals and petals partially united into a tube; flowers axillary. 6. Polygonatum. 

 Stem scapiform; leaves basal; flowers in terminal umbels, or solitary and terminal. 



7. Clintonia. 



1. VAGNERA Adans. Wild Spikenard, Wild Lily-of-the-Valley, 



False Solomon's Seal. 



Caulescent herbs, with elongated rootstocks. Leaves broad, several-nerved. 

 Flowers in terminal racemes or panicles. Sepals and petals white or greenish 

 white, distinct or nearly so. Stamens 6; filaments subulate; anthers introrse. 

 Ovary 3-celled; styles short; stigma 3-lobed; ovules 2 in each cavity. Berry 

 globose. Seeds 1 or 2, with a thin testa. [Smilacina Desf.] 



Inflorescence paniculate. 



Petals and sepals scarcely half as long as the stamens; fruit dark purple. 



1. \'. brachypetala. 

 Petals and sepals almost equalling the stamens; fruit red with puiple spots. 



Leaf-blades acuminate, the lower contracted at the base into distinct petioles; 



style about 0.5 mm. long. 2. V. racemosa. 



Leaf-blades acute, all sessile and more or less clasping; style fully 1 mm. long. 



3. V. amplexicaulis. 

 Inflorescence racemose. 

 Leaves 6-12, sessile. 



Petals and sepals linear or linear-lanceolate. 4. V. leptopetala. 



Petals oblong-lanceolate. 



Pedicels short, slightly if at all longer than the flowers or the fruit; leaves 

 lanceolate, acute. 3. V. stellata. 



