JEWEL-WEED FAMILY 537 



Spur strongly incurved, one-third as long as the sack or more; sack longer than broad. 

 Sack at least two-thirds a-s broad as long, abruptly contracted into the spur; flowers 



orange or pinkish, with large spots or rarely unspotted. 2. I. biflora. 



Sack one-half as broad as long or less, gradually tapering into the spur; flowers 

 unspotted. 

 Sack about 2 cm. long; flowers light yellow. 3. I. occidenlalis. 



Sack about 12 mm. long; flowers golden-yellow. 4. /. aurella. 



Spur wanting. 5. /. ecalcarata. 



1. I. pallida Nutt. Stem usually light green, 1-2 m. high; leaf-blades thin, 

 bright green, oval or ovate, 3-15 cm. long, crenate-dentate; lateral sepals broadly 

 ovate, acuminate, light green, 5-7 mm. long; posterior sepal light sulphur-yellow, 

 usually unspotted, broadly conic, about 15 mm. long; spur 3-8 mm. long; petals 

 of the same color as the spur or lighter, usually dotted, the anterior one broadly 

 obovate, emarginate, 7-8 mm. long. River banks: N.S. — Ga. — Kans. — Sask. 

 Plain. 



2. I. biflora Walt. Stem 1-1.5 m. high, often tinged with red; leaf -blades 

 oval or ovate, 2-10 cm. long, gi-een or purphsh; lateral sepals light green or 

 purplish, obovate, short-acuminate, 5-6 mm. long; posterior sepal orange, or 

 rarely pink, usually copiously spotted with red or purple, sometimes wholly un- 

 spotted, elongate-helmet-shaped, 15-18 mm. long; spur about 1 cm. long; petals 

 of the same color as the posterior sepal, the anterior one nearly orbicularly ob- 

 cordate, 6-7 mm. long. I. mac ulata Muhi. I. fulva ^utt. River banks: Newf. 

 — Fla. — Ala. — Ida. — Alack. Plain — Submont. 



3. I. occidentalis Rydb. Stem Ught green or straw-colored, about a meter 

 high; leaf -blades oval, thin, light green, 2-10 cm. long, acute at the apex, acute 

 to subcordate at the base, crenate-dentate; lateral sepals obovate, abruptly 

 acuminate, about 6 mm. long; posterior sepal conic-trumpetshaped, somewhat 

 curved, about 2 cm. long, pale yellow; spur 8-10 mm. long, cylindric; anterior 

 petals broadly obovate, emarginate, 7 mm. long, fully 10 mm. wide. Wet 

 places: Wash. — Alaska — (? Ida). 



4. I. aurella Rydb. Stem slender, light green, 5-6 dm. high; leaf-blades 

 ovate or oval, thin, bright green, a little paler beneath, 2-8 cm. long, coarsely 

 dentate; lateral sepals ovate, 4-5 mm. long; posterior sepal orange, unspotted, 

 conic, 10-15 mm. long; spur about 8 mm. long; anterior petal triangular-obovate, 

 emarginate, 5 mm. long, 8 mm. wide. Wet places: Mont. — Ida. — Wash. — BC. 



5. I. ecalcarata Blankinship. Stem glabrous, light green, 9-12 dm. high; 

 leaf-blades ovate or ovate-elliptic, 2-10 cm. long, dentate, light green above, 

 paler beneath; lateral sepals obliquely oval, 6 mm. long; posterior sepal orange 

 or sometimes paler yellow, unspotted, helmet-shaped, unspurred, 8-10 mm. 

 deep, 10-13 mm. wide; petals of the same color as the sack; anterior sepals 

 orbicular or reniform, notched; petals oblanceolate or oblong, 6 mm. long. Wet 

 places: Mont. — Wash. — B.C. 



Family 70. LIMNANTHACEAE. False Mermaid Family. 



Herbs of wet places, with pinnately dissected leaves. Flowers perfect, 

 regular. Hypanthium present, but small, saucer-shaped. Sepals 3-5, 

 persistent, valvate or nearly so. Petals 3-5, marcescent. Stamens 6-10. 

 Gynoecium of 2-5 carpels; ovaries distinct, but the styles united to near 

 the top, arising between the ovaries. Fruit of semi-drupaceous nutlets. 



1. FLOERKEA Willd. False Mermaid. 



Low slender annuals. Leaves simply pinnately dissected. Flowers incon- 

 spicuous on axillary peduncles. Sepals 3, slightly imbricate, spreading in fruit. 

 Petals 3, white, about half as long as the sepals. Stamens 6; filaments subulate, 

 distinct, those opposite the petals shorter; anthers didymous, introrse, opening 

 longitudinally. Ovaries 2 or 3; style 2- or 3-cleft at the apex; stigmas capitate. 



1. F. occidentalis Rydb. Very slender glabrous annual; stem shghtly 

 branched, less than 1 dm. high, ascending or decumbent; leaves 1-3 cm. long, 



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