MALLOW FAMILY 557 



5, convolute. Stamens many, monadelphous. GjTioecium of several, 

 usually united carpels. Fruit a several-celled capsule, or the carpels separ- 

 ating at maturity. 



style-branches filiform, stigmatose longitudinally on the exterior side. 

 Stamens simoly monadelphous: flowers involuceUed. 



Petals notched at the apex; carpels beakless, without internal processes. 



1. ^L^l.VA. 

 Petals not emarginate at the apex ; carpels beaked, with an internal orocess above 

 the seed. 2. Cat.t.trrhoe. 



Stamens more or less united in falanges in a double series ; flowers without involucels. 



3. SiDALCEA. 



Style-branches terminated by capitate stigmas. 



" Lower seed at least from an ascending ovule: calyx more or less bract eolate. 



Carpels strongly reticulate on the lower part of the sides facing the adjacent car- 

 pels, this portion enclosing the seeds, the upi)er part of the cari>els smooth 

 and empty. 4. Sphaeealcea. 



Carpels not differentiated in an upper and lower portion. 



Carpels thin-walled, loosely investing the 2 or 3 seeds, hirsute; tall perennials 



with maple-like leaves. 5. Phtmosla.. 



Carpels reticulate, the rather thick walls closely svurouuding the single seed; 

 annuals with roimd-lobed leaves. 6. Ehemaixhe. 



Lower seed at least resupinate-penduloiis; calyx without involucels or these repre- 

 sented by 1—3 setaceous bracelets. 

 Carpels 1-ovuled. the cell filled with the seed ; bractlets present. 



7. DiSELLA. 



Caipels 3-9-ovuled, several-seeded, dehiscent apicaUy and dorsally ; bractlets ab- 

 sent. 8. Abutilox. 



1. MATiVA (Toum.) L. Mallow, Cheeses (fruit). 



Annual or perennial herbs. Leaves alternate, with pubescent, lobed or dis- 

 sected, reniform or suborbicular blades. Flowers sohtar\- or clustered in the 

 axUs of the leaves, or rarely in terminal racemes or spikes, subtended b}' 2 or 3 

 bractlets, perfect and regular. Cal>"s of 5 partly imited sepals. Petals 5, 

 emarginate. Carpels man}-, 1-celled, reniform, indehiscent, beakless, arranged 

 aroimd a central axis. Seeds ascending; embn,"o circular. 



Corolla scarcely exceeding the calyx; carpels rugose-reticulate on the back, and with 

 acute or winged margins. 



Calyx becoming much enlarged, and spreading tinder the fruit, nervose-reticulate ; 

 angles of the carpels margined and denticulate. - 1. -A/, parriflora. 



Calyx not much enlarged in fruit, mostly erect, not reticulate; carpels merely acute 

 on the margins. 2. -A/, pusilla. 



Corolla about twice as long as the calyx; carpels not rugose on the backs, round-mar- 

 gined. 



Plant decumbent: leaves scarcely crisp: carpels smooth. 3. J\/. rotundifolia. 



Plant erect; leaves very crisp: carpels veiny-reticulate. 4. 3/. crispa. 



1. M. parriflora L. Amiual; stem erect or ascending, branched, glabrotis 

 or sparingly hain.'; leaf -blades reniform in outline, with about 7 rounded crenate 

 lobes, 2-10 cm. in diameter; cah-x-lobes rotinded, mucronate; corolla hlac, about 

 5 mm. long; carpels glabrous or pubescent. Waste places: X.D. — Tex.— Calif.; 

 also on the .\tlantic Coast; Mex.; adv. or nat. from Eu. F-O. 



2. M. pusilla Smith. Annual; stem erect, branched,. 1-3 dm. high; leaf- 

 blades reniform, 2-5 cm. broad, obscurely roimd-lobed and crenate; calj-x-lobes 

 ovate, in fruit mostly erect: coroUa white; carpels pubescent or glabrate. M. 

 6oreaZi5 Wallm. Waste places: Mont. — Calif.; adv. from Eu. Jl-Au. 



3. M. rotundifolia L. Anntial; stems procumbent: leaf-blades rounded- 

 reniform. more or less distinctly round-lobed and crenate, usually more or less 

 pubescent: cah-x not much accrescent, its lobes ovate: corolla pale lUac or whitish, 

 about 1 cm. long: carpels puberulent. Waste places: Mass. — X.C. — Calif. — 

 Wash.; nat. from Eu. My-S. 



4. M, crispa L. Annual: stem erect, 5-20 dm. high; leaf-blades reniform in 

 outhne, 5-20 cm. in diameter, distinctly lobed and double-crenate : flowers nearly 

 sessile: cah-x accrescent, in fruit becoming membranous and veiny, but not 

 spreading: corolla purplish or white, about 1 cm. long: carpels not at aU rugose. 

 Waste places and aroimd dwellings: X.S. — X.J. — Colo. — Minn.; escaped from 

 cultivation. Jl-S. 



