HEATH FAMILY 643 



1.5-3.5 cm. long; pedicels one-flowered; corolla white, about 4 mm. long; fruit 

 scarlet, 7-8 mm. in diameter. Woods: B.C. — Ore. — Ida. Suhviont. Je-Jl. 



9. ARCTOUS (A. GrajO Niedzu. Alpine Bearberry. 



Low cespitose shrubs, with shreddy bark and alternate deciduous leaves, 

 clustered towards the ends of the branches. Flowers few, in fascicles from ter- 

 minal scaly buds. Sepals 4-5, short. Corolla globose-urceolate, 4-5-toothed. 

 Stamens 8-10, included; anther-sacs with 2 recurved dorsal awns. Fruit dru- 

 paceous, with 4-5 1-seeded nutlets. [Mairiania Neck.] 



Fruit black; corolla-lobes ciliate; leaves less than 3 cm. long. 1. A. alpina. 



Fruit red; corolla-lobes not ciliate; leaves usually more than 3 cm. long. 



2. A. erythrocarpa. 



1. A. alpina (L.) Niedzu. Depressed-prostrate shrub, with branches 5-12 

 cm. high; leaf -blades spatulate or obovate, tapering below into short petioles, 

 2-3 cm. long, 1-1.5 cm. wide, crenate, strongly veined, glabrous, except the ciliate 

 margin; corolla white or pink; fruit 5-7 mm. in diameter, bluish black when ripe. 

 Arctostaphylos alpina (L.) Spreng. In alpine-arctic localities: Greenl. — N.H. — 

 B.C. — Alaska; Eurasia. Subalp. — Alp. My-Je. 



2. A. erythrocarpa Small. A depressed shrub, 1-2 cm. high; leaf-blades 

 spatulate, 3-6 cm. long, tapering below into short petioles, crenate, glabrous, 

 not ciliate; corolla white or pinkish, turning yellowish; fruit 7-10 mm. in diameter, 

 bright red. Mountains: Alta. — B.C.- — Yukon. Subalp.- — Alp. My-Je. 



10. ARCTOSTAPHYLOS Adans. Bearberry, Ivinnikinick, 



Manzanita. 



Shrubs or small trees, with alternate, thick, evergreen leaves. Flowers per- 

 fect in terminal, bracteolate racemes, often pendulous. Sepals 5, persistent. 

 Corolla urn-shaped, with 4-5 recurved lobes. Stamens 8-10; filaments dilated 

 and hairy at the base; anthers with 2 reflexed awns on the backs, opening by 

 terminal pores. Ovary 4-10-celled, with a single pendulous ovule in each cell. 

 Fruit drupaceous, either with a 1-8-seeded stone or 1-8 one-seeded more or less 

 coalescent stones. [Uva-ursi Mill.] 



Depressed creeping glabrous plant, with spatulate leaves. 1. A. Uva-ursi. 

 Erect shrubs or trees, 1-6 m. high, with oval leaves. 



Young branches puberulent; leaves usually pungent-cuspidate. 2. A. pungens. 



Branches glabrous; leaves usually not cuspidate. 3. A. platyphylla. 



1. A. Uva-ursi (L.) Spreng. Depressed and trailing, diffusely branched 

 shrub, forming patches 1-2 m. across; leaves short-petioled, coriaceous; blades 

 spatulate, entire-margined, obtuse, glabrous or nearly so, 1-3 cm. long, finely 

 reticulate; racemes short and crowded; sepals ovate, acute; corolla ovoid-urn- 

 shaped, white, about 4 mm. long; fruit rather dry, insipid, mealy, red, 6-10 mm. 

 in diameter. Woods: Lab. — N.J. — Colo. — Calif. — Alaska; Eurasia. Submont. 

 —Mont. My-Je. 



2. A. pungens H.B.K. Shrub 1-7 m. high, with puberulent branches; 

 leaf-blades very thick, entire-margined, elliptic or oval, rounded at the base, 

 pungent, acuminate at the apex, glabrous above, minutely puberulent beneath, 

 1.5-3 cm. long; sepals ovate; corolla 5-6 mm. long; fruit 8 mm., rarely 10 mm. in 

 diameter. Wooded mountains : Mex. — N.M. — s Utah — s Calif . So)i. Ap-My. 



3. A. platyphylla (A. Gray) Rydb. Shrub about 1 m. high, with glabrous 

 branches; leaf-blades ovate, intire-margined, merely acute, 2-4 cm. long, thick 

 and light green; sepals ovate, obtuse or acutish; corolla about 6 mm. long; fruit 

 usually 1 cm. or more in diameter. Woody mountain sides: e Colo.— Utah — 

 Cahf. Son.— Mont. My-Jl. 



Family 99. VACCINIACEAE. Huckleberry Family. 



Shrubs or small trees, or rarely delicate vines. Leaves alternate, simple, 

 sometimes evergreen. Flowers perfect, clustered or solitary. Hypanthium 

 well developed, more or less completely enclosing and adnate to the ovar3\ 



