THISTLE FAMILY 865 



21. MACRONEMA Nutt. 



Undershrubs, never resinous-punctate, with short branches, leafy up to the 

 heads. Involucre campanulate; its bracts imbricate, in a few series of more or 

 less imequal length, linear or lanceolate, the inner thin, chartaceous or somewhat 

 scarious, the outer more or less foliaceous and passing into the leaves. Recep- 

 tacle naked, alveolar. Ray-fiowers, when present, ligulate, pistillate and fertile; 

 ligules yellow, conspicuous. Disk-flowers perfect; corollas tubular-trumpet 

 shaped, .5-lobed. Anthers obtuse at the base. Branches of the style stigmatic 

 their whole length, w^ith very long and attenuate-filiform appendages. Achenes 

 slender, compressed, o-nerved, soft-pubescent. Pappus of numerous white soft 

 bristles. 



Heads radiate; branches glandular, not tomentose. 



Heads small, fastigiate-clustered; disk 5-8 mm. in diameter. 



Leaves broadly obovate, mucronate-cuspidate. 1. M. obovatum. 



Leaves oblanceolate, acute or pointed. 2. M. Watsoni. 



Heads larear, solitary; disk 1 cm. or more in diameter. 



Leaves'oblanceolate. acute. 3. M. sugrulicosum. 



Leaves spatulate, obtuse or mucronate. 4. M. grindelifolium. 



Heads discoid ; branches white-tomentose. 

 Leaves oblong-oblanceolate. 



Outer bracts Unear to oblong, acute. 5. At. discoideum . 



Outer bracts broadly oblong, obtuse or mucronate. 6. Af. obtusum. 



Leaves linear. 7. M. lineare. 



1. M. obovatum Rydb. Glandular-puberulent undershrub, 2-3 dm. high; 

 leaves 1-2 cm. long, 7-10 mm. wide; heads usually 2-3 together, about 10 mm. 

 high; bracts firm, oblong-linear, abruptly acute, unequal, imbricate in about 

 4 series; ligules about 10, short, 4-5 mm. long. Canons and hillsides: Utah. 

 Submont. Je-Au. 



2. M. Watsoni (A. Gray) Greene. Glandular undershrub, 1-3 dm. high; 

 leaves thin, 1-2 cm. long; heads fastigiate-clustered, about 10 mm. high; bracts 

 linear-lanceolate, attenuate, the outer 1 or 2, foliaceous; ligules &-8 mm. long. 

 Aplopappus Watsoni A.Gray. Mountains : Nev. — Utah— Ariz. Submont. Au-S. 



3. M. sufEruticosum. Nutt. Undershrub, 1-2 dm. high; branches brown; 

 leaves 2-3 cm. long, glandular-hirsute; heads solitary, 10-12 mm. high; bracts 

 linear-lanceolate, acuminate or the outer foliaceous and attenuate; ligules 8-10 

 mm. long. A. suffruticosus A. Gray. Hills: Mont. — Wyo. — Ariz. — Cahf. Sub- 

 mont. — Mont. Jl-S. 



4. M. grindelifolium Rydb. Much branched undershrub, 1-2 dm. high; 

 branches glandular-puberulent; leaves 1-2 cm. long, glandular-pubescent; mar- 

 gins more or less crisped; heads 1.5 cm. high; bracts few, linear-lanceolate or 

 acute; ligules 6-12, conspicuous, often 1 cm. long. M. grindelioides Coult. & 

 Nels. High mountains: Mont. — Wyo. — Ida. — Ore. Submont. — Mont. Jl-S. 



5. M. discoideum Nutt. Low branched undershrub, 1-2 dm. high; leaves 

 oblong to oblanceolate, 1-3 cm. long, glandular-puberulent; heads solitary, about 

 1.5 cm. high and broad; inner bracts few, linear-lanceolate, attenuate. A. Mac- 

 ronemaA. Gray. Mountains: Colo. — Calif — Ore. Submont. — Alp. Jl-Au. 



6. M. obtusum Rydb. Dense glandular-pubescent imdershrub, 2-4 dm. 

 high; leaves oblong-oblanceolate, about 3 cm. long, obtuse or mucronate; heads 

 about 18 mm. high, 10-18 mm. in diameter; inner bracts acute, scarcely more 

 than half as long as the flowers. Moimtains: Colo. Mont. Jl. 



7. M. lineare Rj'db. Low imdershrub, woody only at the base, 1-2 dm. 

 high; leaves numerous, linear, acute, glandular-puberulent, sometimes also more 

 or less tomentose; heads 1-1.5 cm. high; bracts few, linear, acuminate, the outer 

 foliaceous. Sandy or gravelly places: Wyo. Submont. Au. 



22. STENOTUS Nutt. 



Low perennials, with cespitose woody caudices and narrow, entire, more or 

 less coriaceous and evergreen (except in the last species), mostly basal leaves. 

 Involucre hemispherical or nearly so; its bracts imbricated in a few rows, ap- 



