FERN FAMILY 1045 



lanceolate, those above lanceolate to broadly oblong-lanceolate; segments oblong 

 or lanceolate, mostly obtuse or subacute, falcate or subfalcate, subentire to 

 crenately lobed; indusia smooth. Rocky places and old wood in swamps: Que. 

 — N.S.— Ga.— Okla.— Sask. 



4. D. Filix-mas (L.) Sw. Fronds borne in a crown, 1.5-10 dm. long, 6-30 

 cm. broad; blades broadly oblong-lanceolate, somewhat narrowed toward the base, 

 bipinnatifid or bipinnate; pinnules oblong, obtuse, serrate at apex and obscurely 

 so on the sides, the larger incisely lobed; sori nearer the midvein than the margin; 

 indusia glabrous or glandular, often some with one or more glands and others 

 glabrous on the same frond. Damp woods: B.C. — Ore. — Ida. — Ariz. — N.M. — 

 (Black Hills) S.D.; Ont.— Que.— N.S.— Vt.; "Greenl.," Eu. Submont.Subalp. 



5. D. spinulosa (L.) Kuntze. Scale of stipe and rhizome light brown, one- 

 colored; fronds 2-9.5 dm. long; blades ovate-lanceolate to oblong; pinnae ob- 

 lique to the rachis, elongate-triangular, the lower broadly and unequally tri- 

 angular; pinnules oblique to the midribs, connected by a very narrow wing, acute, 

 incisely serrate or obliquely pinnatifid; segments incised; teeth mucronate, fal- 

 cate, appressed; sori submarginal, terminal on the veinlets. Damp woods: Newf. 

 Va. — "Ky." — Wis.; B.C., Ida., and Eu. According to Macoun, throughout 

 Canada. Suhmont. — -Mont. 



6. D. intermedia (Muhl.) A. Gray. Fronds in a crown, 2-9.5 dm. long; 

 scales of the stipe light brown, mostly with darker centers; blades usually dark, 

 often bluish green, ovate-lanceolate to oblong; pinnae usually nearly or quite at 

 right angles to the rachis, the lower unequally lanceolate to ovate-lanceolate, 

 the lowest inferior segment in the basal pair commonly shorter than the next; 

 upper pinnae lanceolate to oblong; pinnules pinnately divided, the largest not 

 decurrent; segments dentate. Wooded places: Newf. — N.C. — Tenn. — Wis.^ 

 Ont.; Tex. (? "Throughout Canada.") 



7. D. dilatata (Hoffm.) Underw. Fronds about 1-11 cm. or more long; 

 blades triangular to ovate or broadly oblong, usually tripinnate; lower pinnae 

 broadly and unequally ovate or triangular, the upper lanceolate to oblong or 

 elliptic-lanceolate; pinnules lance-oblong; teeth mucronate, straight or falcate, 

 usually not appressed; sori mostly subterminal on the veinlets; in the typical 

 form with scales of the rhizome mostly heavily dark-striped, and indusia often 

 somewhat glandular, often some glabrous and others with one or more glands on 

 the same frond. Alaska — B.C. — Calif.; Eu. Intergrading with the form desig- 

 nated by Kunze as Aspidium compyloptcrum, having large light brown scales 

 only somewhat or not darker at center, ample fronds with spreading pinnules, 

 basal ])innae on the lower side much elongate, the upper pinnae often elliptic- 

 lanceolate, and indusia always glabrous. Greenl. — N.C. — n Ida.— (?) Wash. — ■ 

 B.C. — Alaska; Calif, (rare); Eu. 



8. ASPLENIUM L. Spleentvort. 



Ferns varying in size, with simple or compound commonly pinnate fronds. 

 Sori oblong or linear, single or rarely a few double, borne on the veins. Indusia 

 superior, attached laterally to the vein, opening toward the midrib or midvein. 

 Veins free or rarely a few uniting. Scales of rhizome with dark-walled cells. 



Blade irregularly forking. 1. A. septentrionale. 



Blade not forking. 



Blade simply pinnate. 



Stipe brown below; rachis green. 2. A. viride. 



Stipe and rachis chestnut-brown or blackish. 



Pinnae not auricled. 3. A. Trichomancs. 



Pinnae auricled at base on the upper or both sides. 4. A. platyneuron. 

 Blade bi- to tripinnatifid. 5. A. Adiantum-nigrum. 



1. A. septentrionale (L.) Hoffm. Fronds tufted, 3.5-20 cm. long; stipes 

 brown below; segments 2-5, oblique, linear, tapering both ways, entire or with a 

 few oblique long narrow teeth; sori elongate, mostly 2-3 to each segment, usually 

 opposed in pairs; indusia entire or sparinglv short-ciliate. Belvisia septentrionalis 

 (L.) Mirb. On rocks: S.D.— N.M.— L. Calif.— Wyo.; Eurasia. Submont.—Monl. 



