GLOSSARY 



1079 



Basal, Basilar. At or pertaining to tlie 

 base. 



Basi fixed. Attached by the base. 



Bast. The fibrous portion of the inner 

 bark. 



Beaked. Ending in a beak or prolonged 

 tip. 



Bearded. With long or stiff hairs of any 

 sort; awns of grasses are sometimes 

 called beard. 



Berry. A fruit with pericarp wholly 

 pulpy. 



Bi- or Bis-. A Latin prefix signifying 

 two, twice, or doubly. 



Biconvex. Convex on both sides; lens- 

 shaped. 



Bidentate. Having two teeth. 



Bidcnlulate. Diminutive of bidentate. 



Biennial. Of two years' duration. 



Bifid. Two-cleft. 



Bilabiate. Two-lipped. 



Bilocular. Two-celled. 



Binate. Two together. 



Bipinnate (leaf). Twice pinnate. 



Bipinnatifid. Twice pinnatifid. 



Biserial, Biseriate. Occupying two rows, 

 one witliin the other. 



Bisexual. Having both stamens and 

 pistils. 



Biternate. Twice ternate (principal divi- 

 sions 3, each with .3 leafiets). 



Biralvular. Two-valved. 



Bladdery. Thin and inflated. 



Blade. The flat expanded part of a leaf. 



Bract. A leaf, usually small, subtending 

 a flower or flower-cluster, or a sporange. 



Bracteate. With bracts. 



Bracteolate. Having bractlets. 



Bracteose. With numerous or conspicu- 

 ous bracts. 



Bractlet. A secondary bract, borne on a 

 pedicel, or immediately beneath a 

 flower; sometimes applied to minute 

 bracts. 



Bristle. A stiff hair or any similar out- 

 growth. 



Bulb. A subterranean leaf-bud with 

 fleshy scales or coats. 



Bulbiferous. Bearing bulbs. 



Bulblel. A small bulb, especially one 

 borne upon the stem. 



Bulbose, Bulbous. Bulb-like in form. 



Caducous. Dropping off very early. 

 Calcaraie. Produced into or having a 



spur. 

 Callus. An extension of the inner scale 



of a grass spikelet; a protuberance. 

 Calyculate. Having bracts around the 



calyx imitating an outer calyx. 

 Calyptrate. Furnished with a calyptra, 



or conung off as a hd or extinguisher. 

 Calyx. The outer of two series of floral 



leaves. 

 Campanulate. Bell-shaped. 

 Campylotropous (ovule or seed). So 



curved as to brmg the apex and base 



nearly together. 

 Canaliculate. Channelled; longitudinally 



grooved. 

 Cancellate. Reticiilated, with the meshes 



sunken. 

 Canescent. With gray or hoary fine 



pubescence. 

 Capillary. Hair-like in form; as flne as 



hair or slender bristles. 

 Capitate. Shaped like a head; collected 



into a head or dense cluster. 

 Capitellate. Diminutive of capitate. 

 Capitulum. A httle head. 



Capsular. Belonging to or of the nature 



of a capsule. 

 Capsule. A dry dehiscent fruit, composed 



of more than one carpel. 

 Carinate. Keeled; with a longitudinal 



ridge. 



Carpel. The modified leaf forming the 



ovary, or a part of a compound ovary. 



Carpophore. The slender prolongation of 



the fioral axis which in the Umbelliferae 



supports the pendulous ripe carpels. 



Cartilaginous. Of the texture of cartilage; 



firm and tough. 

 Caruncle. An appendage to a seed at the 



hilum. 

 Carunculate. With a carimcle. 

 Caryopsis. The grain; fruit of grasses, 

 with a thin pericarp adherent to the 

 seed. 

 Catkin. A scaly deciduous spike of flow- 

 ers; an ament. 

 Caudate. With a slender tail-hke ap- 

 pendage. 

 Caudex. The persistent base of an other- 

 wise annual herbaceous stem. 

 Caudicle. Stalk of a pollen-mass in the 



Orcliid and Milkweed families. 

 Caulescent. Having a manifest stem. 

 Cauline. Pertaining to the stem. 

 Cell. A cavity, of an anther or ovary. 

 Chaff. Tliin dry scales. 

 Chaffy. Furnished with chaff, or of the 



texture of chaff. 

 Channelled. Deeply grooved longitudin- 

 ally, like a gutter. 

 Chartaceous. Papery in texttire. 

 Chlorophyll. Green coloring matter of 



plants. 

 Choripetalous. AppUed to a corolla whose 



petals are distinct. 

 Chorisepalous. Applied to a calyx whose 



sepals are distinct. 

 Ciliate (foUar organs). Beset on the 



margin with a fringe. 

 Ciliolate. Minutely cUiate. 

 Cinereous. Ash-grayish; the color of 



ashes. 

 Circinate. Coiled downward from the 



apex. 

 Circumscissile. Transversely dehiscent, 



the top falling away as a lid. 

 Clavate. Club-shaped. 

 Claw. The narrow or stalk-like base of 



some petals. 

 Cleft. Cut about half-way to the midvein. 

 Cleistogamous. Fertilized in the bud, 



without the opening of the fiower. 

 Coalescence. The union of parts or or- 

 gans of the same kind. 

 Cochleate. Coiled or shaped Uke a snail 



shell. 

 Conesion. The union of one organ with 



another. 

 Columella. A term applied to the per- 

 sistent axis of the capsule. 

 Columnar. Like a column. 

 Coma. Tuft of hairs at the ends of some 



seeds. 

 Commissure. The surface by which one 

 carpel joins another, as m the Umbel- 

 hferae. 

 Composite. A plant belonging to Cardu- 

 aceae, Cichoriaceae, or Ambrosiaceae 

 (constituting the old Compositae). 

 Concave. With the surface cm-ved in. 

 Conduplicate . Folded lengthwise. 

 Conglomerate. Densely clustered. 

 Coniferous. Cone-bearing. 

 Connate. Similar organs more or less 

 united. 



