BUDDING EOSE3. 57 



their roots. The Manetti sprang from the hybrid China : 

 it was introduced by Mr. Bivers, about thirty years ago, 

 from Como, and Mr. Cranston, the rose grower, appre- 

 ciates it so highly that he rears over 50,000 a year. The 

 Caline stock is a variety of the hybrid Bourbon ; it is 

 robust in habit, and is especially good for Noisettes and 

 Bourbons. That touchy rose, the Cloth of Gold, does 

 better on it than on any other stock. 



Budding has the advantage of giving the vigour of the 

 stock to a kind of poorer growth. The season for bud- 

 ding is from early in June to late in August; i.e. when- 

 ever the scion and the stock are both in a good state, 

 from having the sap flowing freely ; otherwise the bud 

 will not be ripe, and the bark on the stock will not rise 

 freely. Buds should be taken from ripe shoots of the 

 current year, and may generally be got when the tree is 

 in flower. Budding should be done quickly and dexter- 

 ously, to leave no time for either the bud or the incision 

 in the stock to dry ; damp cloudy mild weather should 

 be chosen, and the best time is early in the morning or 

 after the heat of the day is past. "Where the rose-leaf 

 joins the stem a little bud will generally be found ; one 

 which is plump and healthy must be chosen. With the 

 sharp budding-knife pare off the bud, with a portion of 

 the bark in the form of a shield, leaving on a portion only 

 of the leaf-stalk, by which to hold it, and from behind the 

 shield of bark remove what woody fibre there may be, 

 leaving the root of the bud full, plump, and undisturbed. 

 A plumpness of the bud should be seen inside the bark. 

 In the bark of the stock to be budded make a horizontal 

 cut, through the bark only, and from the centre of that 

 a perpendicular cut downwards. If the stock is in a 

 good state for budding, the angles in this T-shaped cut 

 may be readily raised with the budding-knife. Insert 

 the bud by pushing its little shield of bark under the 

 bark of the stock, from the cross cut downwards, and 

 when it is pressed in far enough cut off the upper end of 

 the shield at the cross cut. Secure the bud in its place 

 by tying it round with soft cotton twist, worsted, or bast, 

 and the place may be covered with a coating of cow- 



