vin UNIVERSITIES: ACTUAL AND IDEAL 207 



ophy. Practically, it is the most directly valuable 

 of all forms of knowledge, but speculatively, it is 

 limited and criticised by that which precedes and 

 by that which follows it in my order of enumera- 

 tion. 



A third class embraces knowledge of the 

 phenomena of the Universe, as that which lies 

 about the individual man ; and of the rules which 

 those phaenomena are observed to follow in the 

 order of their occurrence, which we term the laws 

 of Nature. 



This is what ought to be called Natural Science, 

 or Physiology, though those terms are hopelessly 

 diverted from such a meaning ; and it includes all 

 exact knowledge of natural fact, whether Mathe- 

 matical, Physical, Biological, or Social. 



Kant has said that the ultimate object of all 

 knowledge is to give replies to these three ques- 

 tions : What can I do ? What ought I to do ? 

 What may I hope for ? The forms of knowledge 

 which I have enumerated, should furnish such 

 replies as are within human reach, to the first and 

 second of these questions. While to the third, 

 perhaps the wisest answer is, " Do what you can 

 to do what you ought, and leave hoping and 

 fearing alone." 



If this be a just and an exhaustive classification 

 of the forms of knowledge, no question as to their 

 relative importance, or as to the superiority of 

 one to the other, can be seriously raised. 



