HOW TO GROW AND MARKET FRUIT 



INDEX OF MATERIALS TO USE IN CONTROL- 

 LING INSECTS AND FUNGI. AND OF 

 WHEN TO APPLY 



REMEDIES ARE NUMBERED IN THE FORMULAS PO! JjOWING 



The principal insects and fungous diseases seriously affecuag 

 each fruit are the following, which are named as nearly as 

 possible in the order of the time they will appear. In iso- 

 ated communities there may be heavy infestations of some 

 usually unimportant trouble, but it will come under one of the 

 three classes, and can be remedied by the material mentioned as 

 a remedy for others in that same class. If spraying for the enemies 

 named here is done thoroughly, little attention need be paid to 

 some few less serious ones, because they will be disposed of 

 without additional sprayings directed solely at them. 



APPLE 



Sucking Insects Chewing Insects Fungous Diseases 



San Jos6 Scale Codlin Moth Scab 



Oyster Shell and Curculio Cedar Rust 



Scruffy Scales Borers Leaf Spots 



Plant Lice (Aphides) Canker Worms Cloud and Blotch 



Teat Caterpillars Bitter Rot 



San Jose Scale. Concentrated lime-sulphur solution or 

 miscible oil during the dormant period; that is, from two or 

 three weeks after the leaves fall till the beginning of growth 

 in spring. Mild days during fall, winter or spring should be 

 selected for spraying. Lime-sulphur is almost always the best 

 treatment. During summer the use of self-boiled lime-sulphur, 

 or of diluted lime-sulphur solution with arsenate of lead, will 

 hold scale in check. 



Other Scales. Lime-sulphur solution or miscible oils early 

 in spring, followed by soap solution in May and in August, 

 when scale insects hatch and move. 



Codlin Moth. First brood appears first about blooming time, 

 second brood three or four weeks later. Use arsenate of lead 

 after blossom petals fall and while calyx is open (a period of 

 about ten days); again, for second brcod, three weeks after 

 first treatment. 



[NOTE. The codlin moth treatment should be combined with the 

 second and third sprayings for scab. Use strong lead solution two to two 

 and one-half pounds of paste to fifty gallons.] 



Curculio. Appears about the time for second spraying 

 for codlin moth (third for scab) and is controlled by it. Arsenate 

 of lead in some mixture three weeks after petals fall. 



Plant Lice, or Aphides. Some seasons they cause great injury 

 to foliage and fruit. They are sucking insects, and can be con- 

 trolled by weak soap solutions, or weak solutions of miscible 

 oil, if the application is made as soon as they appear. They 

 increase with wonderful rapidity, and work largely on the under 

 side of leaves, making the leaves curl up. Spraying must be 

 done early or it will be impossible to kill them. Spraying before 



