FORMULAS FOR SPRAYING MIXTURES 



the fruit from the time it has set until six weeks later, if needed 

 for anthracnose. 



OUTSIDE INFECTION 



Spray brush, trees and plants of all kinds near your fruit 

 trees. Only by doing this can you completely protect the fruit 

 and trees from enemies. Ornamentals, windbreaks and hedges 

 often are nurseries for large crops of insects and fungi. Make it 

 a rule to remove useless trees about an orchard, and spray all 

 that remain with a combined fungicide and poison a couple 

 of times each season. The best times will likely be, for the first 

 spraying while dormant; second, when leaves are half-grown. 

 Cut down all red cedar trees, anyhow. 



FORMULAS 



Here follow directions for making every kind of spray 

 material that will be needed. The process of making them re- 

 quires some equipment, knowledge and skill. Where large 

 amounts are to be used, and where the pure materials can be 

 bought at wholesale prices, it is undoubtedly cheaper to mix 

 the chemicals at home than to buy prepared mixtures. 



If you know how to boil or otherwise combine the chemicals 

 so they shall make a mixture of just the right strength, and how 

 to dilute properly for each condition or enemy, you are safe 

 in making your own spraying materials. But if you do not 

 know of these things, if there is a doubt in your mind about 

 any of the amounts, or of the processes of manufacture, better 

 by far buy a well-known brand of commercial spray material. 

 A great many orchardists who know how to mix the elements 

 prefer to buy their sprays ready-made because of the greater 

 certainty of getting pure materials and correct, uniform manu- 

 facture and strength. 



The "strength" of many spraying mixtures and solutions 

 depends so often more on the mixing process than on the amounts 

 of the different materials used that skill in the manufacturing 

 process may mean many dollars to the user. The way the 

 various chemicals combine, the bi-products formed and changes 

 made by their combining, the temperatures at which they are 

 mixed and tested, all have much influence on the final product. 

 We cannot insist too strongly on good spraying mixtures. 



FUNGICIDES 



i. Self-boiled Lime -Sulphur. Eight pounds of fresh lump 

 lime (quicklime), eight pounds of sulphur (flour, flowers, or 

 powder), water 50 gallons. 



Put the lime in a vessel and pour on enough water to cover 

 it. Add the sulphur, either finely sifted or made into a thick 

 paste with water, as soon as the lime begins to slake and boil. 

 Different limes vary in heat-producing power. Good stone 



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