HOW TO GROW AND MARKET FRUIT 



Peninsula, Winesap, Stayman's Winesap, Yellow Transparent, 

 Williams' Early Red, Grimes Golden, York Imperial, Rome 

 Beauty, Wealthy, Red Astrachan and Yellow Newton are the 

 kinds to plant. The first five of these are the cream of the list 

 for sections south of the Maryland line. In southern Pennsyl- 

 vania, West Virginia and similar localities all these kinds do 

 well, particularly Stayman, Rome Beauty and Grimes Golden; 

 while Jonathan, Stark, Delicious, Wagner, Nero, Hubbardston, 

 Mammoth Black Twig, and Duchess also reach perfection. 

 York Imperial and Ben Davis do well, but should not be planted, 

 because better kinds succeed as well. 



As we go north, and as elevations get higher, many of these 

 varieties fall behind in size of fruit and thriftiness of tree. In 

 northern Pennsylvania, Ohio, New York and similar localities, 

 Stayman, M. B. Twig and Delicious are of even better quality 

 than they are farther south, although they are not quite so 

 large. Duchess is finer here than anywhere else. Baldwin, 

 Spitzenburg, the Greenings, Stark, Winter Banana, Rome 

 Beauty, Spy, King and Mclntosh Red all succeed wonderfully 

 here. Mclntosh, Hubbardston, Baldwin, Stayman, Duchess and 

 the two Greenings do best at the higher elevations, while others 

 thrive best at the lower elevation of this section. Northern New 

 York, Michigan, Ontario and New England comprise another 

 belt in which Baldwin, Mclntosh, Spitzenburg, Spy and Green- 

 ings, Ingram, Stayman, Winter Banana, Duchess, Snow and 

 King are best. 



We will not attempt to describe these varieties here. Har- 

 rison's regular catalogue gives detailed descriptions. The varie- 

 ties named ripen at all seasons and are adapted to various 

 purposes. We simply have told you the names of those few 

 kinds which we know are best for each section kinds that are 

 standard and reliable. You can depend on this list, but if you 

 think of planting and are puzzled, write to us, giving full details, 

 and we will take up the matter with you personally. 



The dangerous enemies of apples are as follows: 



Apple Rust (or Cedar Rust), from r^d cedar trees. This 

 fungus does most of its damage in the Virginias. Destroy all 

 cedar trees in the vicinity. Apple Scab, a fungus, shows its 

 presence by greenish-brown spots which enlarge and run to- 

 gether, forming good-sized blotches. These later turn black. 

 On apples it makes scaly, blackish or cracked spots, and spoils 

 them for use. 



Bitter Rot on fruit, and Canker on limbs, are due to fungi. 

 The small brown sunken spots spread quickly and cause the 

 whole apple to rot. Rotten spots are marked by rings, and 

 taste very bitter. Collar Blight of apple, caused by bacteria, is 

 almost the same as Fire Blight of pear, and should be treated 

 in the same way. Crown Gall (bacteria) attacks young trees 

 in the nursery. Its mark is a bunch of hairy roots, galls, knots 

 or corky enlargements near the crown. Remove the trees 

 affected. 



Leaf Blight, or Frog Eye, a fungus, shows spots on leaves 

 that look like the eye or ear of a frog. The leaves turn brown 



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