SPECIAL THINGS NEEDED BY FRUITS 



Currant Anthracnose appears as small brown or black spots 

 on the under side of leaves. Leaf Spots of other kinds also cause 

 the leaves to yellow and drop early. All are caused by fungi. 

 Currant Aphis, Currant Leaf Hopper, Four-lined Leaf Bug, 

 San Jose Scale and Scruffy Scale attack currant bushes. All are 

 sucking insects. Currant Borers and Currant Worms are chewing 

 insects, needing no description. Most of these enemies also 

 attack other small fruits. Gooseberry Mildew attacks both leaves 

 and berries. Its mark is the cobwebby covering on leaves and 

 buds, and it is a fungus. Gooseberry Fruit Worms make their 

 way into the berries and eat out all the pulp. They are chewing 

 insects. Leaf Spot or Blight, Mildew, Tomato Rot, all are fungous 

 enemies of the tomato. Bacteriosis of tomato is caused by bac- 

 teria. The marks are sudden wilting of foliage, and a change 

 from green to yellow and brown. Many insects infest tomatoes; 

 the treatment for all is the same. What is known as Sun Scald 

 on raspberries, etc., really is Anthracnose, a fungus. The marks 

 are purple spots on young shoots, which, growing and extending, 

 finally girdle and kill the canes. Crown Gall of the small fruits 

 is the same as that of peach. It comes from bacteria. The 

 same is true of Orange Rust. Rose Scale can be seen on the canes, 

 near the ground. Blackberry Gallmaker, Raspberry Cane Borer, 

 Slug, and Tree Cricket, all are chewing insects on small fruits. 



SUMMARY 



The location for an orchard should be chosen with reference 

 to elevation, air-drainage, water-drainage, soil and nearness 

 to transportation facilities. 



Varieties differ in season of ripening, color, flavor and texture 

 of fruit, but to an even greater extent in adaptation to various 

 elevations, latitudes, etc., in habit of growth, and in disease- 

 and insect-resisting ability. Carefully choose the kinds suited 

 to your locality. 



Cross-pollination is most important. To secure it, plant 

 different varieties that bloom at the same time, within 150 

 feet of each other. 



For any one locality there are only a half dozen or so kinds 

 that head the list. Commercial orchards should contain no 

 more than three or four kinds, and small orchards only two 

 kinds. With carload lots of one kind you can command the 

 attention of buyers and get much higher prices. 



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