152 A. D. 52. 



peror at their iiead, cTolTed the Thames, and took the cky of Carnulo- 

 dunum. And Claudius, having reinftated Plautius in the fupreme 

 command, after a ftay of fixteen days in Britain, returned to Rome. 



52 The noble Britifli prince Caradacus,Caradauc, or Cearatic*, af- 

 ter a gallant oppolition during nine years, which rendered his name 

 famous throughout the Roman empire, at laft funk under the fuperior 

 difcipline of the invaders, and the treachery of his flepmother, the 

 queen of the Brigantes, and was carried prifoner to Rome. 



Camulodunum (Colchefter), apparently the principal city at this time 

 In Britain, was made a Roman colony ; as appears by a coin of Clau- 

 dius, dated in the twelfth year of his reign : and Verulam ("near St. Al- 

 bans) was made a municipium f . It is highly probable that the Ro- 

 mans alfo began to inhabit London about this time. 



£;4 ' Wherever the Roman conquers, he inhabits.' [Senecev Confol. ad 



Helviam, c. 6.] The fecurity of the government and the interefl: of indi- 

 viduals co-operated in feizing on the flrongeft, or the mofl fertile, fitua- 

 tions for the eflablifhment of colonies to be occupied by Romans or 

 their conciliated fubjeds, who, in the capacities of foldiers, farmers, and 

 traders, reaped the greateft advantages, which could be derived from 

 the property of the foil in the conquered territories, while the original 

 proprietors were compelled to cultivate their own lands for the emolu- 

 ment of their new lords. As foon as the colonifls were eftabhfhed in 

 their new fettlements, they immediately introduced a new fyftem ot 

 agriculture, building, and other arts and manufadures ; one inftance of 

 which is, that we find cherries were cultivated in this country in eleven 

 years after their firfl landing in it : \Fl'in. H'l/i. nat. L. xv, c. 25] and 

 Kent, which being their firft conquefl:, was probably firfl: planted with 

 c-herry-trecs, retains a charader for that fruit to this day %. 



London or Wellminftcr fit for the habitation of founded on the word novane or notanit ; but 

 man. Tlie furfacc of the ground, even on the the conneilion between it and London can only be 

 iiorth fide of the river, was tlien about twenty feet fnggeltcd by Geffrey's vile fable of his Troy- 

 lower, than it is now, as appears by Roman llrects novantum or New Troy. The Grecian coin 

 and buildings having been difcovcred at that depth, has not the (hadow of a conneftion with Biitilh 

 The argument for Ptolemy's accuracy fronr his affairs. 



cenfurc of Marinus is of no weight : for we have • The name of Cearatic (pronounced Keaia- 



often fecn thofc, who are the fliarpcft in rcpre- tic) appears on a Britifli coin, probably of this, 



bending others^ the readied to fall into nnftakes.— prince. 



3) The monk of Raveiuia, who has been mofl un- •}• A brief explanation of the nature of colonies, 



defervedly honoured with the appellation of the municipia, and other Roman diflinftions of towns> 



^^'f»fr/2/iicr of Ravenna, is fo irregular and eironeous, will be given along with an account of Roman 



that it it really a fluune to quote him. Hit un- Britain in its mofl nourifliing flatc about the year 



connedlcd catalogue of blundered namet, if it can I 70. 



prore any thing, proves too much ; for he has J Many other fruits, trees, &c. were introduced 



three, if not four, names, which may ;dl be taken by the Roman fcttlers, fcveial fpecics ot whicli aie 



loi- London, vii. Londinis, Londini, Londinium pointed out by Mr. Whilaker, their Roman-like 



Augulla, asd Lugundino. names being his chief guide ; in which kind of 



Some antiquaries think they have found London proof, though often very fallacious, I believe, 



before the reign of Claudius in the infcriptions on he is generally vigiit. \_lJi'l- "f Maiichcfler, j>. 



fomc Britifli coins, and, what is wonderful indeed, 313. J 

 on a Roman-Grecian one. The firfl notion in 



