332 A, D. 1 156. 



in the reign of Stephen. Yet it flill retained fome marks of Roman 

 elegance, and is defcribed by Wilham of Malmfbury, [/. 14-7 a] as a 

 large metropolitan city, lying on both iides of the Oufe, and receiving 

 in the middle of it vefTels from Germany and Ireland. 



Whitby, Hartlepool, and fome other towns on the eafl coaft, podefr- 

 ed veffels and other property, of which they were robbed by Efleyn 

 king of Norway, about the year 11 53. [Stiorro Hijl. Magni Blinda, 

 c. 20.] 



Berwik, a noble town at the mouth of the Tuid {T^zveed), belonging 

 to the king of Scotland, [1¥. Newb. L. v, c. 2;,] is at this time diftin- 

 guiflied as having more foreign commerce than any other port in Scot- 

 land, and many fhips. One of them belonging to a citizen called Knut 

 the Opulent, and having his wife onboard, being about this time taken 

 by Erlend earl of Orkney, Knut hired fourteen veflels, with a com- 

 petent number of men, for one hundred marks of filver, and went in 

 chafe of the pirates, who had anchored for the night at one of the ad- 

 jacent iflands. \Turfcei Orcades, L. '\,c. 32.] 



Invyrlyth is merely noted as having a harbour befide it, mentioned 

 in a charter granted by King David to the abbay of Haly-rud. [^Hay^s 

 Vindication of EU%. More.^ In later times it has been called Leith, and 

 is the port of Edinburgh. 



Strivelin {Stirling) had fome veffels and trade, part of the duty 

 (' canum') of the veffels, with a falt-work, and fome other branches of 

 the royal revenue, being given by the fame king to the abbays of Cam- 

 bufkenneth and Dunfermline. [^Chart. in Ninwid's Hi/l. of Stirling, p. 

 508 ; and in DalrympWs ColleEl. p. 386.] 



Part of the duties levied in the port of Perth were afligned in the 

 fame manner. \Chart. in Dalrymple, p. 386.] Necham, the Englifh 

 poet already quoted, fays, ' that the kingdom is fupported by the opii- 

 ' lence of this city:' [«/>. Camd. Brit. p. 708] and it was at this time, 

 properly fpeaking, the capital of Scotland. 



Abirdene was known in Norway as a trading town. Efleyn, one of 

 the joint kings of that coimtry, being on a pirating cruiie along 

 the Britifh coafl about the year 1153, landed and pillaged it. [^Snorro, 

 H'lft. Magni Blinda, c. 20.] But it loon recovered from that misfortune, 

 and was a royal refidence in a few years after. 



Abirdon {Old Aberdeen) had a port, the tenth of the duties of the 

 fhips being granted by King David to its newly-ereded bifhoprick. [Chart. 

 in Bib. topog. Brit. N". \u, p. 3.] 



Duffeyras (perhaps Banf) on the fhore of the Moray firth, is merely 

 mentioned as a commercial port and town. [Orkneyinga faga, p. 323.] * 



• All the charters and books, quoted for this except the works of Bromton and Torfacus ; and 

 »icw of the trading towns of Britain, were written they were careful compilers from authentic records. 

 in the twelfth, or early in the tliirtecnth, century, 



