382 A. D. 1216. 



lives and properties from the dreadful calamities of fire. But the date 

 of this improvement at Lnbeck is unknown to me, nor am I well aflur- 

 ed of the fad. We find the conveyance of water in pipes mentioned 

 as a new difcovery made at this time by Simon, a monk of Waverley in 

 Surrey, who, upon a failure of the well which ufed to fupply the breth- 

 ren, brought water from other fountains by means of pipes laid under 

 ground, whereby he made an artificial well, abundantly fufficient for 

 the ufe of the abbay. [J/i. Waverl. ap. Gale, ad an. 1216.] It was ap- 

 parently Simon's invention, for fuch it undoubtedly was, that furnifhed 

 the magiftrates of London with a model for the pipes they made in the 

 year 1 236. 



Notwithftanding the convulfions of the kingdom in the contefis be- 

 tween John and the barons, there is reafon to believe, that the breed ot 

 that eminently ufeful animal, the fheep, was increafed during his reign ; 

 and that, though there was a confiderable exportation of wool, there 

 was more of it made into cloth in England in his reign than at any 

 time before : for we find the following fums paid into the treafury in 

 one year (the fifteenth of his reign) for duties on the importation of 

 woad, mofi: of which was ufed in dying cloths, though a great part of 

 thofe made in England were exported, and alfo worn at home, without 

 being dyed. 



In Kent and Sufl'ex, except Dover, - ;/C^°3 ^3 3 



The ports of York-lhire, - - 98134 



Lincoln- flrire, - - - 47 3 4 



Norfolk and Suffolk, - - 53 6 o 



Southampton, - - - 72 i 10 



Eflex, - - - - 424 



Places not named, perhaps including London, 214 12 o 



\Madox''s Hijl. of the excheq. c. 18, § 3.] 



Immediately after the accellion of Henry III, the infant fon of John, 

 the great charter was renewed *. 



1 217 — A treaty of friendfliip was entered into between Henry III of 

 England and Hakon IV of Norway, both under age, whereby the 

 merchants and fubjeds of both kingdoms had full liberty of going, 

 coming, and returning. [Fofdera, V. i, p. 223.] 



Some of the circumfiances of a naval battle fought in this year are 

 worthy of notice. An Englilh fleet, faid to confifl; of only forty gallies 

 and other veftels f, attacked a French fleet of eighty large fliips, befides 



• It was renewed at fevcn difTcrent times by Matlicw Paris, is fiilTicient. Paulus ^myliiif, the 



Henry, wlien lie found it ncceffary to court tlie liilloi ian of France, lias not a word of this battle, 

 favour, nr to drain the pockets, of his fubjefls. Hcmingford [/>. ii, c. 105] has a wonderful 



{^i.z BlaLkfloneiUiJlory of the charters, La-J!traas, (lory of a great fleet belonging to a tyrant, who 



V. ii, />. 43, ft fenq.'l was coining from Spain to take the kingdom from 



f The aniialilt of Waverley, and Robert of the infant King Henry, being defeated by the 



Gloucefter, give the Englidi only eighteen fliipt. mariners of the Cinijue ports. 

 But furely the inequality of force, as related by J 



